Joseph McCarthy
/ˌdʒəʊzəf məˈkɑːθi/, /ˌdʒəʊsəf məˈkɑːθi/
/ˌdʒəʊzəf məˈkɑːrθi/, /ˌdʒəʊsəf məˈkɑːrθi/
- (1908-57) a US politician. As a RepublicanSenator from Wisconsin he led a campaign against Communists in US society and government in the 1950s, during the Cold War. Important and well-known people were accused of being Communists or sympathetic to Communism, often without evidence, and forced to answer questions from the Senate Permanent Investigations Subcommittee, led by McCarthy. People were also encouraged to give information about their friends and those they worked with. Many people were forced from their jobs and ' blacklisted' (= prevented from getting jobs in future). In 1954 the US Senate officially condemned McCarthy's activities and his influence decreased. Most Americans are now unhappy that the McCarthy trials were allowed to happen, and admire anyone who opposed them or refused to give evidence.
约瑟夫·麦卡锡：（1908-57）美国政治家。作为威斯康星州的一名共和党参议员，他在1950年代冷战期间领导了一场针对美国社会和政府中的共产主义者的运动。重要和知名人士被指控为共产党员或同情共产主义，往往没有证据，并被迫回答由麦卡锡领导的参议院永久调查小组委员会的问题。还鼓励人们提供有关其朋友以及与之一起工作的人的信息。许多人被迫失业，并被“列入黑名单”。1954年，美国参议院正式谴责麦卡锡的活动，影响力下降。现在，大多数美国人对允许进行麦卡锡审判感到不满，并钦佩反对他们或拒绝提供证据的任何人。