much

determiner, pronoun

/mʌtʃ/

Idioms

used with uncountable nouns, especially in negative sentences to mean ‘a large amount of something’, or after ‘how’ to ask about the amount of something. It is also used with ‘as’, ‘so’ and ‘too’.（与不可数名词连用，尤用于否定句；或与 how 连用以询问数量；也可与 as、so 和 too 连用）许多，大量
- I don't have much money with me.我没带多少钱。
- ‘Got any money?’ ‘Not much.’“有钱吗？” “不太多。”
- How much water do you need?你要多少水？
- How much is it (= What does it cost)?这东西多少钱？
- Take as much time as you like.你想花多少时间就花多少时间。
- There was so much traffic that we were an hour late.路上交通很拥堵，我们因此迟到了一个小时。
- I've got far too much to do.我要做的事情太多了。
- (formal) I lay awake for much of the night.我大半夜都没睡着。
- (formal) There was much discussion about the reasons for the failure.就失败的原因进行了大量的讨论。
Grammar Point much / a lot of / lots of
much / a lot of / lots of
- Much is used only with uncountable nouns. It is used mainly in questions and negative sentences:much 只与不可数名词连用，主要用于疑问句和否定句中：
  Do you have much free time?你空闲时间多吗？
  How much experience have you had?你经验如何？
  I don’t have much free time.我没有多少空闲时间。
- In statements a lot of or lots of (informal) is much more common:在陈述句中 a lot of 或 lots of（非正式）常用得多：
  ‘How much (money) does she earn?“她挣多少（钱）？”
  She earns a lot of money.她挣很多钱。
  You can also use plenty (of). These phrases can also be used in questions and negative sentences.亦可用 plenty (of)。以上短语亦可用于疑问句和否定句中。
- A lot of/lots of is still felt to be informal, especially in British English, so in formal writing it is better to use much, a great deal of or a large amount of.
- Very much and a lot can be used as adverbs:very much 和 a lot 可作副词：
  I miss my family very much.我很想念我的家人。
  I miss very much my family.
  I miss my family a lot.我很想念我的家人。
  Thanks a lot.多谢。
  In negative sentences you can use much:在否定句中可用 much：
  I didn’t enjoy the film (very) much.我不大喜欢这部影片。
note at many
词源Middle English: shortened from muchel, from Old English micel ‘great, numerous, much’, of Germanic origin; from an Indo-European root shared by Greek megas, megal-.

Idioms

as much

the same一样；同等
- Please help me get this job—you know I would do as much for you.请帮我弄到这份工作，你知道我也会为你的事同样尽力。
- ‘Roger stole the money.’ ‘I thought as much.’“那钱是罗杰偷的。” “我也这么认为。”

as much as somebody can do

used to say that something is difficult to do（表示难以做到）
- No dessert for me, thanks. It was as much as I could do to finish the main course.谢谢，别给我甜食了。我吃完这道主菜就不错了。

a bit much

(informal) not fair or not reasonable不是很好；不怎么样
- It's a bit much calling me at three in the morning.凌晨三点钟打电话给我，太过分了。
- The noise from next door is getting a bit much.从隔壁传来的声音越来越大，使人受不了了。

make much of something/somebody

to treat something/somebody as very important一样；同等
- He always makes much of his humble origins.他总是非常在意他卑微的出身。

not much in it

used to say that there is little difference between two things没什么区别；差别不大
- I won, but there wasn't much in it (= our scores were nearly the same).我赢了，但比分相差不大。

not much of a…

not a good…不是很好；不怎么样
- He's not much of a tennis player.他算不上网球好手。

this much

used to introduce something positive or definite（引出正面的或肯定的话）
- I'll say this much for him—he never leaves a piece of work unfinished.我要为他说句公道话，他从不半途而废。

too much

a situation or experience that is too difficult to deal with（表示难以做到）
- It all proved too much for him.事实证明，这一切对他来说太多了。

much

adverb

/mʌtʃ/

(more, most)

Idioms

to a great degree非常；十分；很
- Thank you very much for the flowers.非常感谢你的这些花。
- I would very much like to see you again.我很想再见到你。
- He isn't in the office much (= often).他不怎么待在办公室。
- You worry too much.你过于担心了。
- My new job is much the same as the old one.我的新工作和原来的差不多。
- Much to her surprise he came back the next day.让她非常吃惊的是他第二天就回来了。
- She's much better today.她今天好多了。
- The other one was much too expensive.另一个太贵了。
- Nikolai's English was much the worst.尼柯莱的英语糟糕透了。
- We are very much aware of the lack of food supplies.我们完全了解食物供应的缺乏。
- I'm not much good at tennis.我不太擅长打网球。
- He was much loved by all who knew him.认识他的人都很喜欢他。
- an appeal to raise much-needed cash筹集急需资金的呼吁
Grammar Point much / a lot of / lots of
much / a lot of / lots of
- Much is used only with uncountable nouns. It is used mainly in questions and negative sentences:much 只与不可数名词连用，主要用于疑问句和否定句中：
  Do you have much free time?你空闲时间多吗？
  How much experience have you had?你经验如何？
  I don’t have much free time.我没有多少空闲时间。
- In statements a lot of or lots of (informal) is much more common:在陈述句中 a lot of 或 lots of（非正式）常用得多：
  ‘How much (money) does she earn?“她挣多少（钱）？”
  She earns a lot of money.她挣很多钱。
  You can also use plenty (of). These phrases can also be used in questions and negative sentences.亦可用 plenty (of)。以上短语亦可用于疑问句和否定句中。
- A lot of/lots of is still felt to be informal, especially in British English, so in formal writing it is better to use much, a great deal of or a large amount of.
- Very much and a lot can be used as adverbs:very much 和 a lot 可作副词：
  I miss my family very much.我很想念我的家人。
  I miss very much my family.
  I miss my family a lot.我很想念我的家人。
  Thanks a lot.多谢。
  In negative sentences you can use much:在否定句中可用 much：
  I didn’t enjoy the film (very) much.我不大喜欢这部影片。
Collocations Dictionary
Much is used with these adjectives:
aggrieved
akin
amused
…
词源Middle English: shortened from muchel, from Old English micel ‘great, numerous, much’, of Germanic origin; from an Indo-European root shared by Greek megas, megal-.

Idioms

much as

although尽管；虽然
- Much as I would like to stay, I really must go home.尽管我很想留下来，但我确实必须回家。

much/still less

and certainly not更不用说；更何况
- No explanation was offered, still less an apology.连个解释都不给，就更不用说道歉了。
- He’s too shy to ask a stranger the time, much less speak to a room full of people.他太害羞了，不敢问陌生人时间，更不用说和一屋子人说话了。

so much the better/worse

used to say that something is even better/worse（表示难以做到）
- We don't actually need it on Tuesday, but if it arrives by then, so much the better.实际上我们星期二并不需要它，但如果那时能到就更好。
- If hurricanes become more powerful, as current research suggests, so much the worse.如果飓风变得更强大，就像目前的研究表明的那样，那就更糟糕了。

词汇	much
释义	much determiner, pronoun /mʌtʃ/ /mʌtʃ/ Idioms used with uncountable nouns, especially in negative sentences to mean ‘a large amount of something’, or after ‘how’ to ask about the amount of something. It is also used with ‘as’, ‘so’ and ‘too’.（与不可数名词连用，尤用于否定句；或与 how 连用以询问数量；也可与 as、so 和 too 连用）许多，大量 I don't have much money with me.我没带多少钱。 ‘Got any money?’ ‘Not much.’“有钱吗？” “不太多。” How much water do you need?你要多少水？ How much is it (= What does it cost)?这东西多少钱？ Take as much time as you like.你想花多少时间就花多少时间。 There was so much traffic that we were an hour late.路上交通很拥堵，我们因此迟到了一个小时。 I've got far too much to do.我要做的事情太多了。 (formal) I lay awake for much of the night.我大半夜都没睡着。 (formal) There was much discussion about the reasons for the failure.就失败的原因进行了大量的讨论。 Grammar Point much / a lot of / lots ofmuch / a lot of / lots of Much is used only with uncountable nouns. It is used mainly in questions and negative sentences:much 只与不可数名词连用，主要用于疑问句和否定句中： Do you have much free time?你空闲时间多吗？ How much experience have you had?你经验如何？ I don’t have much free time.我没有多少空闲时间。 In statements a lot of or lots of (informal) is much more common:在陈述句中 a lot of 或 lots of（非正式）常用得多： ‘How much (money) does she earn?“她挣多少（钱）？” She earns a lot of money.她挣很多钱。 You can also use plenty (of). These phrases can also be used in questions and negative sentences.亦可用 plenty (of)。以上短语亦可用于疑问句和否定句中。 A lot of/lots of is still felt to be informal, especially in British English, so in formal writing it is better to use much, a great deal of or a large amount of. Very much and a lot can be used as adverbs:very much 和 a lot 可作副词： I miss my family very much.我很想念我的家人。 I miss very much my family. I miss my family a lot.我很想念我的家人。 Thanks a lot.多谢。 In negative sentences you can use much:在否定句中可用 much： I didn’t enjoy the film (very) much.我不大喜欢这部影片。 note at many 词源Middle English: shortened from muchel, from Old English micel ‘great, numerous, much’, of Germanic origin; from an Indo-European root shared by Greek megas, megal-. Idioms as much the same一样；同等 Please help me get this job—you know I would do as much for you.请帮我弄到这份工作，你知道我也会为你的事同样尽力。 ‘Roger stole the money.’ ‘I thought as much.’“那钱是罗杰偷的。” “我也这么认为。” as much as somebody can do used to say that something is difficult to do（表示难以做到） No dessert for me, thanks. It was as much as I could do to finish the main course.谢谢，别给我甜食了。我吃完这道主菜就不错了。 a bit much (informal) not fair or not reasonable不是很好；不怎么样 It's a bit much calling me at three in the morning.凌晨三点钟打电话给我，太过分了。 The noise from next door is getting a bit much.从隔壁传来的声音越来越大，使人受不了了。 make much of something/somebody to treat something/somebody as very important一样；同等 He always makes much of his humble origins.他总是非常在意他卑微的出身。 not much in it used to say that there is little difference between two things没什么区别；差别不大 I won, but there wasn't much in it (= our scores were nearly the same).我赢了，但比分相差不大。 not much of a… not a good…不是很好；不怎么样 He's not much of a tennis player.他算不上网球好手。 this much used to introduce something positive or definite（引出正面的或肯定的话） I'll say this much for him—he never leaves a piece of work unfinished.我要为他说句公道话，他从不半途而废。 too much a situation or experience that is too difficult to deal with（表示难以做到） It all proved too much for him.事实证明，这一切对他来说太多了。 much adverb /mʌtʃ/ /mʌtʃ/ (more, most) Idioms to a great degree非常；十分；很 Thank you very much for the flowers.非常感谢你的这些花。 I would very much like to see you again.我很想再见到你。 He isn't in the office much (= often).他不怎么待在办公室。 You worry too much.你过于担心了。 My new job is much the same as the old one.我的新工作和原来的差不多。 Much to her surprise he came back the next day.让她非常吃惊的是他第二天就回来了。 She's much better today.她今天好多了。 The other one was much too expensive.另一个太贵了。 Nikolai's English was much the worst.尼柯莱的英语糟糕透了。 We are very much aware of the lack of food supplies.我们完全了解食物供应的缺乏。 I'm not much good at tennis.我不太擅长打网球。 He was much loved by all who knew him.认识他的人都很喜欢他。 an appeal to raise much-needed cash筹集急需资金的呼吁 Grammar Point much / a lot of / lots ofmuch / a lot of / lots of Much is used only with uncountable nouns. It is used mainly in questions and negative sentences:much 只与不可数名词连用，主要用于疑问句和否定句中： Do you have much free time?你空闲时间多吗？ How much experience have you had?你经验如何？ I don’t have much free time.我没有多少空闲时间。 In statements a lot of or lots of (informal) is much more common:在陈述句中 a lot of 或 lots of（非正式）常用得多： ‘How much (money) does she earn?“她挣多少（钱）？” She earns a lot of money.她挣很多钱。 You can also use plenty (of). These phrases can also be used in questions and negative sentences.亦可用 plenty (of)。以上短语亦可用于疑问句和否定句中。 A lot of/lots of is still felt to be informal, especially in British English, so in formal writing it is better to use much, a great deal of or a large amount of. Very much and a lot can be used as adverbs:very much 和 a lot 可作副词： I miss my family very much.我很想念我的家人。 I miss very much my family. I miss my family a lot.我很想念我的家人。 Thanks a lot.多谢。 In negative sentences you can use much:在否定句中可用 much： I didn’t enjoy the film (very) much.我不大喜欢这部影片。 Collocations DictionaryMuch is used with these adjectives: aggrieved akin amused … 词源Middle English: shortened from muchel, from Old English micel ‘great, numerous, much’, of Germanic origin; from an Indo-European root shared by Greek megas, megal-. Idioms much as although尽管；虽然 Much as I would like to stay, I really must go home.尽管我很想留下来，但我确实必须回家。 much/still less and certainly not更不用说；更何况 No explanation was offered, still less an apology.连个解释都不给，就更不用说道歉了。 He’s too shy to ask a stranger the time, much less speak to a room full of people.他太害羞了，不敢问陌生人时间，更不用说和一屋子人说话了。 so much the better/worse used to say that something is even better/worse（表示难以做到） We don't actually need it on Tuesday, but if it arrives by then, so much the better.实际上我们星期二并不需要它，但如果那时能到就更好。 If hurricanes become more powerful, as current research suggests, so much the worse.如果飓风变得更强大，就像目前的研究表明的那样，那就更糟糕了。
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