muckraker
noun /ˈmʌkreɪkə(r)/
/ˈmʌkreɪkər/
- a person who looks for and publishes information about people’s private lives
寻找并发布有关人们私人生活的信息的人 - Not every reporter needs to be a muckraker.
不是每个记者都需要成为一个揭发丑闻的人。
- Not every reporter needs to be a muckraker.
- any of a group of US writers in the early 1900s who wrote criticizing aspects of US life, such as dishonest behaviour in business and government, companies making children work long hours, and unfair treatment of black people. President Theodore Roosevelt gave them the name ‘muckrakers’ in 1906, suggesting that they were only interested in finding bad things to write about. However, their work increased public knowledge and led to a lot of social changes. One example of a muckraker was Upton Sinclair, whose book The Jungle (1906) led to the US Pure Food and Drug Act.
上世纪早期，美国作家中，有一些人写过批评美国生活的方方面面，如商业和政府的不诚实行为、让儿童长时间工作的公司以及不公平地对待黑人。西奥多·罗斯福总统在1906年给他们取了"混蛋"的名字，暗示他们只有兴趣寻找不好的东西来写。然而，他们的工作增加了公众的知识，并导致许多社会的变化。粘膜器的一个例子是乌普顿·辛克莱，他的书《丛林》（1906年）导致了美国《纯食品和药物法》。