name

noun

/neɪm/

Idioms

a word or words that a particular person, animal, place or thing is known by名字；名称
- What's your name?你叫什么名字？
- What is/was the name, please? (= a polite way of asking somebody’s name)请问您叫什么名字？
- Please write your full name and address below.请将您的姓名和地址写在下面。
- Leave your name and number (= phone number) and we'll call you later.请留下你的姓名和电话号码，我们稍后给你打电话。
- Are you changing your name when you get married?结婚时你要改姓氏吗？
- She uses her married name at work.她在工作中使用她已婚的名字。
- The singer's real name is Bob Rich.这位歌手的真名是鲍勃·里奇。
- His full name was William Augustus Grove.他的全名是威廉•奥古斯塔斯•格罗夫。
- His father was a painter of the same name.他的父亲是一位同名画家。
- Do you know the name of this flower?你知道这是什么花吗？
- name for something Rubella is just another name for German measles.风疹只是德国麻疹的另一个名称。
- under a… name The company reopened under a new name.该公司以新名称重新开业。
More About names and titles
names and titles名字和称谓Names名字
- Your name is either your whole name or one part of your name:name 既指全名也指名字的一部分：
  My name is Maria.我的名字叫玛丽亚。
  His name is Tom Smith.他的名字叫汤姆 · 史密斯。
- Your last name or family name (also called surname in British English) is the name that all members of your family share.
- Your first name/names (formal forename) is/are the name(s) your parents gave you when you were born. In British English some people use the expression Christian name(s) to refer to a person’s first name(s).
- Your middle name(s) is/are any name(s) your parents gave you other than the one that is placed first. The initial of this name is often used as part of your name, especially in America:
  John T. Harvey约翰 · T. 哈维
- Your full name is all your names, usually in the order: first + middle + last name
- A woman’s maiden name is the family name she had before she got married. Some women keep this name after they are married and do not use their husband’s name. In North America, married women often use their maiden name followed by their husband’s family name:
  Hillary Rodham Clinton.希拉里 · 罗德汉姆 · 克林顿
Titles称谓
- Mr (for both married and unmarried men)称已婚和未婚男子
- Mrs (for married women)称已婚妇女
- Miss (for unmarried women)称未婚女子
- Ms (a title that some women prefer to use as it does not distinguish between married and unmarried women)有些妇女喜欢用此称谓，因为没有指明已婚或未婚
- Doctor, Professor, President, Vice-President, Reverend (or Rev), etc.医生、教授、校长、副校长、牧师等
The correct way to talk to someone is:
- first name, if you know them well:
  Hello, Maria.你好，玛丽亚。
- or title + surname:或称谓 + 姓：
  Hello, Mr Brown.你好，布朗先生。
- or Doctor (medical), Professor, etc. on its own:或单独用医生、教授等：
  Thank you, Doctor.谢谢你，医生。
  This is only used for a very limited number of titles.
see also assumed name, brand name, code name, domain name, family name, filename, first name, forename, given name, household name, last name, maiden name, middle name, nickname, pen name, pet name, place name, screen name, surname, stage name, trade name, username
Culture namesnames名字Apart from their surname or last name, most British and American children are given two personal names by their parents, a first name and a middle name. These names are sometimes called Christian names or given names. Some people have only one given name, a few have three or more. Friends and members of a family who are of similar age usually call one another by their first names. Young people often call their aunts and uncles and sometimes even their parents by their first names. Outside the family, the expression be on first name terms suggests that the people concerned have a friendly, informal relationship, although it is also very common for strangers to call each other by their first names. When writing their name Americans commonly give their first name and their middle initial (= first letter of their middle name), for example George M Cohan. Both given names are used in full only on formal occasions, for example when people get married. In Britain many people sign their name on forms etc. using the initials of both their given names and their surname, for example, J E Brooks, but may write Joanna Brooks at the end of a letter. The full name (= all given names and surname) is usually only required on official forms.Parents often decide on given names for their children before they are born. In some families the oldest boy is given the same name as his father. In the US the word junior or senior, or a number, is added after the name and surname to make it clear which person is being referred to. For example, the son of William Jones Sr (Senior) would be called William Jones Jr (Junior), and his son would be called William Jones III ('William Jones the third').Many popular names come from the Bible, for example, Jacob, Joshua, Matthew, Hannah, Rebecca and Sarah, though this does not imply that the people who choose them are religious. Other people give their children the name of somebody they admire, such as a famous sports personality, or a film or pop star. In Britain the names William and Harry became common again after the sons of Prince Charles were given these names. In the US Chelsea was not a common name for a girl until President Bill Clinton's daughter Chelsea came to public attention.Names such as David, Michael, John and James for boys and Catherine and Elizabeth for girls remained popular for many years. Others are fashionable for only a short period. Names such as Trevor, Herbert, Cyril, Doris, Gladys and Joyce are out of fashion and are found mainly among older people. Websites list the names which are currently popular.People who have a cultural background from outside Britain or the US may choose from an additional set of names.
- This is his second book published under his own name.这是他以自己的名字出版的第二本书。
- Many postures use the names of animals, like cat, dog or crab.许多姿势使用动物的名字，像猫、狗或螃蟹。
- ‘Does that name mean anything to you?’ ‘Yes, it does ring a bell (= it is familiar).’“你知道这个名字吗？”“是的，的确听着耳熟。”
- As the name implies, was the place at which oxen could ford the river.牛津这个名字的含义是牛可以涉水而过的地方。
- He invoked the name of Freud in support of his argument.他援引弗洛伊德来支持他的论点。
- He was elected Pope in 1978 and took the name of John Paul II.他于 1978 年获选为教皇，从名约翰・保罗二世。
- He's been in four movies with Spielberg's name attached.在斯皮尔伯格执导的电影中，他出演过 4 部。
- His name is synonymous with the worst excesses of sixties architecture.他的名字是 60 年代建筑最铺张无度的代名词。
- His name sounds familiar.他的名字很耳熟。
- His name was immortalized in 1992 when he scored three goals in the space of five minutes.1992 年他因为在5 分钟内3 次射门得分而名垂青史。
- His wife and sister share the same name, Sarah.他妻子和他姐姐同名，都叫萨拉。
- How do you know my name?你是怎么知道我的名字的？
- I asked him his name.我问了他的名字。
- I do not want my name associated with these products.我不想让我的名字和这些产品联系在一起。
- I have a bad memory for names and faces.我不善于记人记名。
- I'm afraid I've forgotten your name.我恐怕想不起你的名字了。
- I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name.抱歉，我没听清你的名字。
- I've heard that name mentioned before.我以前曾听说过那个名字。
- Muhammad Ali's birth name was Cassius Clay.穆罕默德・阿里的乳名是卡修斯・克莱。
- Nobody puts (= gives) their name to a business they are not proud of.没人愿意用自己的名字来命名他们不以为豪的公司。
- She uses a different name in her professional life.她在工作中用的是另一个名字。
- She was given the name Maria, after her grandmother.她的名字是玛丽亚，跟她祖母一个名。
- Somebody called out her name from below.有人在下面大声喊她的名字。
- St Petersburg has gone back to its original name.圣彼得堡又改用原名了。
- The Brady bill acquired its name from its best-known sponsor, James Brady.布雷迪法案得名于其最著名的发起人詹姆斯・布雷迪。
- The Julian calendar was introduced by Julius Caesar and hence carries his name.儒略历是由尤利乌斯・凯撒推行的，因此就沿用了他的名字。
- The common name for the flower is ‘pineapple lily’.这种花的俗名叫做“凤梨百合”。
- The island is more commonly known by the name ‘Krakatoa’.这个岛更通用的名字是“科拉卡特”。
- The name of the artist appears on the vase.这位艺术家的名字出现在花瓶上。
- The scientific name for plants in this genus is Asclepias.该属的植物的学名是马利筋。
- The village of Low Catton takes its name from the Old English personal name ‘Catta’.洛卡顿这个村子的名字取自古英语中的人名“卡塔”。
- Their original band name was ‘Cherry Five’他们乐队最初的名字是“樱桃五”。
- They put his name forward as one of the five candidates for the post.他们提名他为该职位的 5 个候选人之一。
- We cannot mention the suspect's name for legal reasons.出于法律原因，我们不能提及嫌疑人的名字。
- Where does the band name come from?这个乐队的名称缘何而来？
- The name's Bond.名字是邦德。
Topics Family and relationshipsa1
Collocations Dictionary
adjective
- Christian
- first
- given
- …
verb + name
- have
- bear
- carry
- …
name + verb
- appear
- sound…
- imply something
- …
name + noun
- badge
- tag
- plate
- …
preposition
- by name
- by the name of
- in somebody/something’s name
- …
phrases
- a change of name
- give your name to something
- a list of names
- …
[usually singular] a reputation that somebody/something has; the opinion that people have about somebody/something名誉；名声；名气
- She first made her name as a writer of children's books.她最初是以儿童读物作家成名的。
- He's made quite a name for himself (= become famous).他闯出了名气。
- The college has a good name for languages.这所大学的语言教学颇有名气。
- This kind of behaviour gives students a bad name.这种行为使学生们背上骂名。
see also good name
- There was a campaign to blacken his name.有一场抹黑他名字的运动。
- These practices give the industry a bad name.这些做法让该行业背上骂名。
- We must avoid anything that might damage the good name of the firm.我们必须避免做任何可能有损公司良好声誉的事。
- They tried to protect the good name of the college.他们努力保护学院的良好声誉。
- This kind of behaviour gives students a bad name.这种行为使学生们背上骂名。
- Throughout his years in prison, he fought to clear his name.在整个服刑期间，他奋力证明自己名誉的清白。
- He accomplished a remarkable feat in restoring the name of the bank to something like its former eminence.他完成了一项非凡的壮举，将该银行的名字恢复到了昔日的显赫地位。
- The area got a bad name after a series of nasty murders.这个地区因一系列恶性谋杀案而留下恶名。
- The company has a name for reliability.这家公司以可靠着称。
- The riots after the match only served to blacken the name of football.赛后的骚乱只会给足球运动抹黑。
- He made his name writing travel books.他写游记出了名。
- These articles have damaged the good name of the newspaper.这些文章损害了这家报纸良好的声誉。
Topics Opinion and argumentb2
Collocations Dictionary
adjective
- big
- good
- bad
- …
verb + name
- have
- become
- make
- …
preposition
- name for
phrases
- somebody’s name is mud
(in compound adjectives构成复合形容词) having a name or a reputation of the kind mentioned, especially one that is known by a lot of people有…名称的；以…著名的；有…名声的
- a big-name company著名公司
- brand-name goods名牌产品
see also household name, no-name (2)
a famous person名人
- He is a big name in the world of rock music.在摇滚乐圈子里他大名鼎鼎。
- Some of the biggest names in the art world were at the party.一些艺术界的头面人物参加了聚会。
- The event attracted many famous names from the past.这次活动吸引了许多昔日的名人。
- The movie needs some names in it, if it’s going to be successful.这部电影要想成功，需要一些名字。
see also no-name (1)
Collocations Dictionary
adjective
- big
- familiar
- famous
- …

词源Old English nama, noma (noun), (ge)namian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch naam and German Name, from a root shared by Latin nomen and Greek onoma.

Idioms

answer to the name of something

(especially of a pet animal尤指宠物) to be called something名叫；叫作
- The dog was an ugly brute, answering to the name of Spike.这只狗是一只丑陋的野兽，名叫斯派克。

be somebody’s middle name

(informal) used to say that somebody has a lot of a particular quality是某人的突出个性
- ‘Patience’ is my middle name!我的最大特点就是有耐心！

a big noise/shot/name

an important person大人物；要人

by name

using the name of somebody/something凭名字；用…的名字
- She asked for you by name.她点名要找你。
- The principal knows all the students by name.校长能叫出所有学生的姓名。
- I only know her by name (= I have heard about her but I have not met her).我只是听说过她的名字。
- The head teacher knows every child in the school by name.班主任知道学校里每个孩子的名字。

by the name of…

(formal) who is called名叫…的
- a young actor by the name of Tom Rees名叫汤姆 · 里斯的年轻演员

call somebody names

to use offensive words about somebody辱骂；谩骂
- Stop calling me names!不要再骂我啦。

drag somebody through the 'mud/'dirt | drag somebody's name through the 'mud/'dirt

(informal) to criticize or say bad things about somebody in public, in a way that is unfair名称：以不公平的方式批评或在公众场合对某人说坏话
- The paper has dragged his name through the mud.报纸把他的名字拖进了泥沼。
- They feel their agency has been dragged through the mud by the press.他们觉得他们的机构被新闻界拖进了泥沼。
- Football's good name is being dragged through the dirt.足球的好名声正在被玷污。

drop names

to mention famous people you know or have met in order to impress others提及自己认识或见过的名人以抬高身价
- She found him rather irritating to talk to; all he did was drop names.她发现跟他说话真没意思，他只会提一些名人的名字炫耀自己。
related noun name-dropping

enter somebody’s/your name (for something)

(also put somebody’s/your name down (for something))

to apply for a place at a school, in a competition, etc. for somebody or yourself申请参加；替…报名（入学、参赛等）
- Have you entered your name for the quiz yet?你报名参加这次问答比赛了吗？
- They’ve already put his name down for Eton College.他们已经把他的名字登记在伊顿学院。
- Have you put your name down for the school play?你报名参加学校的戏剧演出了吗？

give a dog a bad name

(saying) when a person already has a bad reputation, it is difficult to change it because others will continue to blame or suspect him/her恶名难洗；名声一毁，万难挽回

give your name to something

to discover or invent something which then becomes known by your name用自己的名字命名所发明之物
- Henry Hudson gave his name to New York's Hudson River.亨利·哈德逊以纽约的哈德逊河命名。
- The invading Franks gave their name to the country in which they settled.入侵的法兰克人以他们的名字命名所定居的地方。
- The Huron people gave their name to one of the Great Lakes.休伦人以自己的名字命名五大湖中的一个湖。
- Charles Macintosh gave his name to a type of raincoat.查尔斯·麦金托什以一种雨衣命名。

go by the name of…

to use a name that may not be your real one自称为…；假称是…
- a thief who goes by the name of ‘The Cat’一个名叫“猫”的小偷
- He goes by the name of Jonno.他被叫作乔诺。

have your/somebody’s name on it | with your/somebody’s name on it

(informal) if something has your name on it, or there is something with your name on it, it is intended for you是冲…来的；是为…准备的
- He took my place and got killed. It should have been me—that bullet had my name on it.他代替我，结果送了命。死的本该是我，那颗子弹是冲着我来的。
- Are you coming for dinner this evening? I've got a steak here with your name on it!今晚你来吃饭吗？我为你准备了一块牛排呢！

in all but name

used to describe a situation which exists in reality but that is not officially recognized（表示实际存在但未得到正式认可）在只缺正式名分情况下
- He runs the company in all but name.他虽没有名分，却实际上在管理这家公司。

in God’s/Heaven’s name | in the name of God/Heaven

used especially in questions to show that you are angry, surprised or shocked（尤用于疑问句，表示愤怒、惊奇或震惊）看在上帝的分上，到底，究竟
- What in God's name was that noise?那噪音究竟是怎么回事？
- Where in the name of Heaven have you been?你到底上哪儿去了？
Some people find this use of God offensive.

in the name of somebody/something | in somebody’s/something’s name

for somebody; showing that something officially belongs to somebody为（某人）；在…名下
- We reserved two tickets in the name of Brown.我们用布朗的名字预订了两张票。
- The car is registered in my name.这辆车是用我的名字登记的。
- The account is in joint names.这个账户用的是联名。
- The tickets were booked in the name of McLean.这些票是以麦克莱恩的名字预订的。
using the authority of somebody/something; as a representative of somebody/something凭…的权威；代表
- I arrest you in the name of the law.我依法逮捕你。
used to give a reason or an excuse for doing something, often when what you are doing is wrong以…的名义；以…为借口
- crimes committed in the name of religion以宗教名义进行的犯罪活动

in name only

officially recognized but not existing in reality名义上；有名无实
- He's party leader in name only.他只是名义上的政党领袖。

lend your name to something (formal)

to let it be known in public that you support or agree with something公开表示支持
- I am more than happy to lend my name to this campaign.我非常愿意公开表示支持这个运动。
Topics Opinion and argumentc2
to have a place named after you以…的名字命名（某地方）

somebody’s name is mud

(informal, usually humorous) used to say that somebody is not liked or popular because of something they have done某人臭名昭著
- Your name’s mud around here at the moment!你的名字现在就在这附近！
- If you tell our secret your name will be mud round here.如果你说出我们的秘密，你的名字在这里将是一片泥泞。

name names

to give the names of the people involved in something, especially something wrong or illegal供出，说出（犯事者等）的名字
- He has accused the government of corruption and claims he is prepared to name names.他指责政府腐败，并声称他准备指名道姓。
- Detectives believe that a hitman was sent to silence the witness before he could name names.侦探相信有人找杀手在证人作证前灭了口。

the name of the game

(informal) the most important aspect of an activity; the most important quality needed for an activity问题的实质；最为重要的方面
- Hard work is the name of the game if you want to succeed in business.要想生意兴旺，勤奋工作是关键。

a name to conjure with (British English)

(North American English a name to reckon with)
a person or thing that is well known and respected in a particular field大名鼎鼎的人；重量级人物；影响巨大的事物
- Miyazaki is still a name to conjure with among anime fans.宫崎骏在日本动漫迷中仍是一个大名鼎鼎的名字。
(humorous) used when you mention a name that you think is difficult to remember or pronounce难记的名字；拗口的名字
- He comes from Tighnabruaich—now there's a name to conjure with!他来自 Tighnabruaich，这个名字真够拗口的！

put a name to somebody/something

to know or remember what somebody/something is called知道…的名称；记住…的称呼
- I recognize the tune but I can't put a name to it.这曲子我听过，但想不起叫什么了。
- I nodded, desperately trying to put a name to the face.我点点头，拼命想给这张脸起个名字。

rejoice in the name of…

(British English, humorous) to have a name that sounds funny有个滑稽的名字
- He rejoiced in the name of Owen Owen.他有个滑稽的名字叫欧文 · 欧文。

a rose by any other name would smell as sweet

(saying) what is important is what people or things are, not what they are called玫瑰不叫玫瑰，依然芳香如故；名称并不是重要的东西

take somebody’s name in vain

to show a lack of respect when using somebody’s name or when talking about them滥用…的名义；亵渎…的名字
- (humorous) Have you been taking my name in vain again?你又在对我说三道四了吧？
- to take the Lord's name in vain滥用主的名义

(have something) to your name

to have or own something拥有；获得；收归某人的名下
- an Olympic athlete with five gold medals to his name夺得五枚金牌的一名奥林匹克运动员
- She doesn’t have a penny/cent to her name (= she is very poor).她身无分文。

under the name (of)…

using a name that may not be your real name用…名字；以…假名
- The room was booked under a false name.这个房间是用假名预订的。

name

verb

/neɪm/

动词形式

present simple I / you / we / they name	/neɪm/ /neɪm/
he / she / it names	/neɪmz/ /neɪmz/
past simple named	/neɪmd/ /neɪmd/
past participle named	/neɪmd/ /neɪmd/
-ing form naming	/ˈneɪmɪŋ/ /ˈneɪmɪŋ/

Idioms

[often passive] to give a name to somebody/something命名；给…取名 synonym call
- name somebody/something (after somebody) He was named after his father (= given his father's first name).他的名字跟他父亲一样。
- name somebody/something (for somebody) The planet Mars is named for the Roman god of war.火星是以罗马战神的名字命名的。
- name somebody/something + noun They named their son John.他们给儿子起了个名字叫约翰。
- adv. + named He plays the evil scientist, the aptly named Dr Weird.他扮演邪恶的科学家，名副其实的古怪博士。
- Rust fungus is so named because of its rusty-coloured spots.锈菌因其锈斑而得名。
- I named my son after my father.我以父亲的名字为儿子取名。
- the diesel engine, named after its inventor Rudolf Diesel以发明者鲁道夫·迪塞尔命名的柴油机
- The hospital was named in honour of its principal benefactor.这所医院以主捐助人的名字命名以表纪念。
- The present Kew Bridge was opened by King Edward VII and is correctly named ‘King Edward Bridge’.现在的这座伦敦西郊国立植物园桥是由国王爱德华七世主持启用仪式的，所以命名为“爱德华国王桥”很恰当。
- The ship will be officially named by the Queen before setting sail from her home port.这艘船将在其船籍港起航前由女王正式命名。
- the aptly named Dare Devil名副其实的大胆恶魔
- the dead sister for whom she had been named她取了故去姐姐的名字
- the curiously named Egg Castle名字奇特的鸡蛋城堡
Collocations Dictionary
adverb
- originally
- appropriately
- aptly
- …
preposition
- after
- for
- in honour/honor of
- …
to say the name of somebody/something说出…的名称；叫出…的名字 synonym identify
- name somebody/something The victim has not yet been named.受害人的姓名仍未得知。
- He refused to name his accomplice.他拒绝说出同伙的名字。
- Can you name all the American states?你能说出美国所有的州名吗？
- The manager has named his side for the semi-final.经理已经为半决赛指定了他的队伍。
- He correctly named the song from the clip played.他根据播放的片段给这首歌起了一个恰如其分的名字。
- name somebody/something as somebody/something The missing man has been named as James Kelly.失踪者已被确认为詹姆斯 · 凯利。
Synonyms identify
identify
- know
- recognize
- name
- make somebody/something out
These words all mean to be able to see or hear somebody/something and especially to be able to say who or what they are.
- identify to be able to say who or what somebody/something is:
  She was able to identify her attacker.她认出了袭击她的人。
- know to be able to say who or what something is when you see or hear it because you have seen or heard it before 指能认出、能辨认出Know is used especially to talk about sounds that seem familiar and when somebody recognizes the quality or opportunity that somebody/something represents: I couldn’t see who was speaking, but I knew the voice. • She knows a bargain when she sees one.
- recognize to know who somebody is or what something is when you see or hear them/it, because you have seen or heard them/it before:
  I recognized him as soon as he came in the room.他一进屋我就认出了他。
- name to say the name of somebody/something in order to show that you know who/what they are:
  The victim has not yet been named.受害人的姓名仍未得知。
- make somebody/something out to manage to see or hear somebody/something that is not very clear:
  I could just make out a figure in the darkness.黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。
Patterns
- to identify/know/recognize somebody/something by something
- to identify/recognize/name somebody/something as somebody/something
- to identify/know/recognize/make out who/what/how…
- to easily/barely/just identify/recognize/make out somebody/something
name something to state something exactly确定；说定；准确陈述 synonym specify
- Name your price.给个价吧。
- They're engaged, but they haven't yet named the day (= chosen the date for their wedding).他们订婚了，但还未确定结婚日期。
- Activities available include squash, archery and swimming, to name but a few.所设活动项目包括壁球、射箭、游泳等等，不一而足。
- Chairs, tables, cabinets—you name it, she makes it (= she makes anything you can imagine).椅子、桌子、橱柜，凡是你说得出的她都能做。
to choose somebody for a job or position任命；委任 synonym nominate
- name somebody as something I had no hesitation in naming him (as) captain.我毫不犹豫地任命他为队长。
- name somebody (to something) When she resigned, he was named to the committee in her place.她辞职后，他被指定取代她进入委员会。
- name somebody to do something Mr Shah has been named to run the new research unit.沙先生获委任负责领导这个新的研究小组。
- the newly named head coach新任命的主教练
- The President officially named Kirk as his choice to replace Timms.总统正式提名柯克作为接替蒂姆斯的人选。
- She was recently named to the company's board of directors.她最近被提名为公司的董事会董事。
Collocations Dictionary
adverb
- formally
- officially
preposition
- to
phrases
- newly named

词源Old English nama, noma (noun), (ge)namian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch naam and German Name, from a root shared by Latin nomen and Greek onoma.

Idioms

name and shame

(British English) to publish the names of people or organizations who have done something wrong or illegal公布行为不当或违法者的名单；公布黑名单
- Businesses which fail in their duty to protect the environment should be named and shamed.未能履行保护环境职责的企业应该被点名批评。
More Like This Rhyming pairs in idioms
Rhyming pairs in idioms
- doom and gloom
- fair and square
- high and dry
- huff and puff
- name and shame
- slice and dice
- thrills and spills
- wear and tear
- wheel and deal
- wine and dine

name names

to give the names of the people involved in something, especially something wrong or illegal供出，说出（犯事者等）的名字
- He has accused the government of corruption and claims he is prepared to name names.他指责政府腐败，并声称他准备指名道姓。
- Detectives believe that a hitman was sent to silence the witness before he could name names.侦探相信有人找杀手在证人作证前灭了口。