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词汇 need
释义

need

verb
 OPAL S
/niːd/
/niːd/
动词形式
present simple I / you / we / they need
/niːd/
/niːd/
he / she / it needs
/niːdz/
/niːdz/
past simple needed
/ˈniːdɪd/
/ˈniːdɪd/
past participle needed
/ˈniːdɪd/
/ˈniːdɪd/
-ing form needing
/ˈniːdɪŋ/
/ˈniːdɪŋ/
Idioms
  1.  
     to require something/somebody because they are essential or very important, not just because you would like to have them需要；必需
    • need something/somebody Do you need any help?你需要帮忙吗？
    • It's here if you need it.你需要的话就拿去吧。
    • Don't go—I might need you.别走，我可能要你帮忙。
    • They badly needed a change.他们迫切需要变革。
    • We desperately need hard facts on this disease.我们迫切需要关于这种疾病的确凿事实。
    • Food aid is urgently needed.迫切需要食物援助。
    • What do you need your own computer for? You can use ours.你干吗还要自己买电脑？你可以用我们的。
    • She needs more time to recover.她需要更多时间恢复。
    • People need income not handouts.人们需要的是收入而不是施舍。
    • More new housing is needed in the city.这个城市需要更多的新住房。
    • I don't need your comments, thank you.谢谢，我不需要你来评头论足。
    • need to do something I need to get some sleep.我需要睡会儿觉。
    • He needs to win this game to stay in the match.他得赢下这场比赛以免被淘汰出局。
    • You don't need to leave yet, do you?你不必现在就走吧？
    • You need to know how toxic the product is.你需要知道产品的毒性有多大。
    • This shirt needs to be washed.这件衬衣该洗了。
    • something needs doing This shirt needs washing.这件衬衣该洗了。
    Synonyms reasonreason
    • explanation
    • grounds
    • basis
    • excuse
    • motive
    • justification
    • pretext
    These are all words for a cause or an explanation for something that has happened or that somebody has done.
    • reason a cause or an explanation for something that has happened or that somebody has done; a fact that makes it right or fair to do something:
      • He said no but he didn’t give a reason.他说不行，但没有说明原因。
    • explanation a statement, fact or situation that tells you why something has happened; a reason given for something:
      • The most likely explanation is that his plane was delayed.最可能的解释是他的飞机晚点了。
      • She left the room abruptly without explanation.她未作解释就突然离开了房间。
    • grounds (rather formal) a good or true reason for saying, doing or believing something:
      • You have no grounds for complaint.你没有理由抱怨。
    • basis (rather formal) the reason why people take a particular action:
      • On what basis will this decision be made?将基于何种原因作出这一决定呢？
    • excuse a reason, either true or invented, that you give to explain or defend your behaviour; a good reason that you give for doing something that you want to do for other reasons:
      • Late again! What’s your excuse this time?又迟到了！你这次有什么借口？
      • It gave me an excuse to take the car.这使我有理由开车去了。
    • motive a reason that explains somebody’s behaviour:
      • There seemed to be no motive for the murder.这起谋杀案看不出有什么动机。
    • justification (rather formal) a good reason why something exists or is done:
      • I can see no possible justification for any further tax increases.我看不出还能提出什么理由来加税了。
    grounds or justification?用 grounds 还是 justification？Justification is used to talk about finding or understanding reasons for actions, or trying to explain why it is a good idea to do something. It is often used with words like little, no, some, every, without, and not any. Grounds is used more for talking about reasons that already exist, or that have already been decided, for example by law: moral/​economic grounds.
    • pretext (rather formal) a false reason that you give for doing something, usually something bad, in order to hide the real reason:
      • He left the party early on the pretext of having to work.他借口有事要处理，早早离开了聚会。
    Patterns
    • (a/​an) reason/​explanation/​grounds/​basis/​excuse/​motive/​justification/​pretext for something
    • the reason/​motive behind something
    • on the grounds/​basis/​pretext of/​that…
    • (a) good/​valid reason/​explanation/​grounds/​excuse/​motive/​justification
    • How much time is needed for maintenance and repairs?维护和修理需要多少时间？
    • They question whether American consumers really need the product.他们质疑美国消费者是否真的需要这种产品。
    • I just need some information.我只需要一些信息。
    • Research is urgently needed into the causes of this illness.急需对这种病的起因进行研究。
    • She needed some money badly.她急需一些钱。
    • These people may need 24-hour attention, but they do not necessarily need to be in hospital.这些人需要24 小时看护，但不是非得住院。
    • You hardly need me to tell you that your father is still very frail and must not be upset.不用我说你也知道，你父亲还很虚弱，一定不能让他生气。
    Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • badly
    • desperately
    • really
    • …
    verb + need
    • be going to
    • be expected to
    • be likely to
    • …
  2.  
     need to do something used to show what you should or have to do（表示应该或不得不做）有必要
    • All you need to do is complete this form.你要做的就是填好这个表格。
    • I didn't need to go to the bank after all—Mary lent me the money.我最终还是不必去银行了，玛丽借我钱了。
    • You may well need to look outside your preferred area to find affordable accommodation.你或许需要到你心仪的地区以外的地方去看看是否有能住得起的房子。
    Grammar Point needneed
    • There are two separate verbs need.
    • Need as a main verb has the question form do you need?, the negative you don’t need and the past forms needed, did you need? and didn’t need. It has two meanings: 1. to require something or to think that something is necessary:
      • Do you need any help?你需要帮忙吗？
      • I needed to get some sleep.我需要睡一会儿。
      2. to have to or to be obliged to do something:必须或一定要：
      • Will we need to show our passports?我们要出示护照吗？
    • Need as a modal verb has need for all forms of the present tense, need you? as the question form and need not (needn’t) as the negative. To talk about the past, use the perfect forms need have and needn’t have with the past participle. It is used to say that something is or is not necessary:
      • Need I pay the whole amount now?我必须现在全部付清吗？
    3. 词源Old English nēodian (verb), nēod, nēd (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch nood and German Not ‘danger’.
Idioms
need (to have) your head examined
  1. (informal) to be crazy发疯Topics Personal qualitiesc2

need

noun
 OPAL W
/niːd/
/niːd/
Idioms
  1.  
     [singular, uncountable] a situation when something is necessary or must be done需要；必须
    • to satisfy/meet/fulfil a need满足/满足/满足需求
    • need for something There is an urgent need for qualified teachers.迫切需要合格教师。
    • a desperate/pressing need for something对某物的迫切需求
    • They identified a need for further training.他们发现需要进一步培训。
    • need for somebody/something to do something There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起。
    • need to do something There's no need to cry (= stop crying).不要哭了。
    • I had no need to open the letter—I knew what it would say.我没必要拆开那封信，我知道里面会说些什么。
    • in need of something The house is in need of a thorough clean.这房子需要来个大扫除。
    • We will contact you again if the need arises.如果有必要，我们会再次和你联系。
    • A need exists to bridge the gap between theory and practice in nursing.需要消除护理理论与实践脱节的现象。
    • Early intervention frequently eliminates the need for surgery.早期干预经常可以免除手术。
    • He's in constant need of treatment.他需要持续的治疗。
    • I avoid the need to travel by plane.我避免要乘飞机。
    • I see no need to do anything hasty.我看没有必要仓促行事。
    • I understand and support their need to make a living.我理解并支持他们维持生计的需要。
    • Research is currently driven by the need to reduce pollution.研究是针对时下减少污染这一需要展开的。
    • Several governments have expressed the need for a cautious approach to the conflict.几国政府都表示需要审慎处理这一冲突。
    • She stressed the need for cooperation with the authorities.她强调了同当局合作的必要性。
    • The government has denied the need for economic reform.政府不承认经济改革的必要性。
    • The incident proved the need for a continuing military presence in the area.这一事件证明该地区需要继续驻军。
    • The room was sorely in need of a fresh coat of paint.这间屋子很有必要重新粉刷一次。
    • The system can be switched to emergency power should the need arise.需要时该系统可以启用紧急供电。
    • The war created a need for national unity.这场战争使人们渴求国家统一。
    • There is a great need for English language classes.英语课的需求量很大。
    • There is a special need for well-trained teachers.特别需要训练有素的老师。
    • There's no need to worry.不必担心。
    • a crying need for skilled workers急需技术工人
    • a law reflecting a need for better social conditions反映需要改善社会环境的法规
    Topics Permission and obligationa2
    Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • big
    • considerable
    • great
    • …
    verb + need
    • feel
    • have
    • express
    • …
    need + verb
    • exist
    • arise
    preposition
    • in need (of)
    • need for
    phrases
    • any, little, no, etc. need
  2.  
     [countable, uncountable] a strong feeling that you want somebody/something or must have something特别需要；迫切要求
    • to fulfil an emotional need满足感情的迫切需要
    • It’s difficult to express our needs and desires.很难表达我们的需求和愿望。
    • need to do something She felt the need to talk to someone.她特别想和人聊聊。
    • in need of somebody/something I'm in need of some fresh air.我很想呼吸一点新鲜空气。
    • She had no more need of me.她再也不需要我了。
    • I felt the need to do something.我觉得需要做些事。
    • our common need for self-preservation人人都需要的自我保护
    • the human need to order existence人类有序生存的需要
    • the need for change变革的需要
    • Our staff will cater to your every need.我们的员工会满足您的所有需要。
    Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • big
    • considerable
    • great
    • …
    verb + need
    • feel
    • have
    • express
    • …
    need + verb
    • exist
    • arise
    preposition
    • in need (of)
    • need for
    phrases
    • any, little, no, etc. need
  3.  
     [countable, usually plural] the things that somebody requires in order to live in a comfortable way or achieve what they want需要的事物；欲望
    • First we will assess your financial needs.我们首先会评估你经济上的需要。
    • Food, clothing and shelter are basic human needs.食物、衣服和住所是人类的基本需求。
    • We will devise a programme to suit your individual needs. 我们将设计一个方案来满足你的个人需要。
    • Your role will be to support children with special educational needs.你的职责是帮助有特殊教育需要的儿童。
    • We try to balance the needs of all our customers.我们尽力平衡所有顾客的需求。
    see also special needs
    • material needs of food and drink对食物与饮品的物质需要
    • a new union set up to address the needs of seasonal labourers为满足季节性工人的需求而新设立的工会…
    • We have now met most of the humanitarian needs of the refugees.我们现在已经满足了难民的大部份人道主义需要。
    • The coaching is informal and tailored to individual needs.这种训练不拘形式，按个人的需要制订。
    • £10 a day was enough to cover all his needs.1 天10 英镑足够支付他的各种花费。
    Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • basic
    • essential
    • fundamental
    • …
    verb + need
    • be responsive to
    • be sensitive to
    • address
    • …
    phrases
    • needs and desires
    • somebody’s every need
  4.  
     [uncountable] the state of not having enough food, money or support（食物、钱或生活来源的）短缺，缺乏 synonym hardship
    • in need The charity aims to provide assistance to people in need.这个慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。
    • These children are in dire need.这些孩子亟需救助。
    • He helped me in my hour of need (= at the time when I really needed help).在我生活困难的时候他帮助了我。
    see also needy
    5. 词源Old English nēodian (verb), nēod, nēd (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch nood and German Not ‘danger’.
Idioms
a crying need (for something)
  1. a great and desperate need for something迫切的需要
    • There is a crying need for more funds.迫切需要更多资金。
a friend in need (is a friend indeed)
  1. (saying) a friend who gives you help when you need it (is a true friend)患难的朋友（才是真正的朋友）；患难之交（见真情）
if need be
  1. if necessary如果需要的话；有必要的话
    • There's always food in the freezer if need be.如果需要，冰箱里总有食物。

need

modal verb
 
/niːd/
/niːd/
(rather formal)
动词形式
need not
needn't
/ˈniːdnt/
/ˈniːdnt/
  1. used to state that something is/was not necessary or that only very little is/was necessary; used to ask if something is/was necessary（表示没有必要或询问是否有必要）需要
    • need (not) do something You needn't bother asking Rick—I know he's too busy.你不必费神去问里克，我知道他太忙了。
    • I need hardly tell you (= you must already know) that the work is dangerous.这工作很危险，这就不用我说了。
    • If she wants anything, she need only ask.她想要什么东西，只要开一下口就行了。
    • All you need bring are sheets.你需要带的就是床单。
    • need (not) have done something You needn't have worried (= it was not necessary for you to worry, but you did)—it all turned out fine.你本不必担心，一切都很顺利。
    • Need you have paid so much?你用得着花那么多钱吗？
    Except in the negative (needn't), the use of need as a modal verb is rather formal; it is more usual to use need to, especially in positive statements and questions: If you want anything, you only need to ask. • Did you need to pay so much?
    Grammar Point modal verbsmodal verbs
    • The modal verbs are can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will and would. Dare, need, have to and used to also share some of the features of modal verbs.can、could、may、might、must、ought to、shall、should、will 和 would 均为情态动词。dare、need、have to 和 used to 亦具有情态动词的某些特性。
    • Modal verbs have only one form. They have no -ing or -ed forms and do not add -s to the 3rd person singular form:情态动词只有一种形式，没有 -ing 或 -ed 形式，第三人称单数也不加 -s：
      • He can speak three languages.他会说三种语言。
      • She will try and visit tomorrow.她明天将设法去参观。
    • Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive of another verb without to. The exceptions are ought to, have to and used to:情态动词后跟不带 to 的动词不定式，但 ought to、have to 和 used to 例外：
      • You must find a job.你必须找到一份工作。
      • You ought to stop smoking.你应当戒烟。
      • I used to smoke but I gave up two years ago.我过去抽烟，但两年前就戒了。
    • Questions are formed without do/does in the present, or did in the past:疑问句现在时不用 do/does，过去时不用 did：
      • Can I invite Mary?我可以邀请玛丽吗？
      • Should I have invited Mary?我本该邀请玛丽吗？
    • Negative sentences are formed with not or the short form -n’t and do not use do/does or did.否定句用 not 或简约式 -n't，不用 do/does 或 did。
    You will find more help with how to use modal verbs at the dictionary entries for each verb.情态动词的不同用法可参考本词典里各情态动词词条。
    词源Old English nēodian (verb), nēod, nēd (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch nood and German Not ‘danger’.
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