Oliver Cromwell
/ˌɒlɪvə ˈkrɒmwel/
/ˌɑːlɪvər ˈkrɑːmwel/
- (1599-1658) an English general and politician who for a short time ruled England, Scotland and Ireland. Cromwell was a Puritan who began his political career as the Member of Parliament for Huntingdon in 1628. When the English Civil War started in 1642, he gathered soldiers in his area to fight for Parliament and soon became the leader of the New Model Army and the greatest soldier in England. He was one of those who signed the death warrant of King Charles I in 1649. As a leader of the Commonwealth, he was responsible for the cruel treatment of those who were opposed to the Puritans in Ireland and Scotland. In 1653 Cromwell dismissed Parliament and became the Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland, with almost the same power as a king. He was offered the crown, but refused it. In 1658, he died of malaria and was buried in Westminster Abbey. Cromwell's son Richard took his place as Lord Protector for a short time after his death, but he did not have his father's gifts as a leader, and in 1660 Charles II became king at the Restoration. Oliver Cromwell's body was dug up and his head was put on a pole on the roof of one of the buildings in Westminster for 24 years. Cromwell is also remembered for a famous remark he made to the artist Peter Lely (1618-80). People often say that something or somebody should be shown warts and all, meaning that faults or unpleasant features should not be left out.
奥利弗·克伦威尔（Oliver Cromwell）：（1599-1658）是一位英国将军和政治家，曾短暂统治过英格兰，苏格兰和爱尔兰。克伦威尔（Cromwell）是一位清教徒，他的政治生涯是1628年开始担任亨廷登议会议员的。他在1642年英国内战爆发时，他召集了当地士兵为议会而战，并很快成为新模式军和英国最伟大的士兵。他是1649年签署查理一世国王死刑令的人之一。作为英联邦的领导人，他负责对那些反对爱尔兰和苏格兰清教徒的人进行残酷对待。1653年，克伦威尔（Cromwell）罢免了议会，成为英格兰，苏格兰和爱尔兰的主要保护者，其权力几乎与国王相同。他得到了王冠，但拒绝了。在1658年，他死于疟疾，被葬在威斯敏斯特大教堂。克伦威尔（Cromwell）的儿子理查德（Richard）死后不久，就担任保卫勋爵（Lord Protector）的职位，但他没有父亲的恩赐作领导者。1660年，查理二世（Charles II）成为国王。奥利弗·克伦威尔（Oliver Cromwell）的尸体被挖了，他的头被放在威斯敏斯特（Westminster）一栋建筑物的屋顶上的一根杆子上，长达24年。克伦威尔（Cromwell）还因他对画家彼得·利利（Peter Lely）（1618-80）的著名讲话而被人们铭记。人们常常说某物或某人应该被显示出疣和所有东西，这意味着不应排除缺陷或不愉快的特征。奥利弗·克伦威尔（Oliver Cromwell）的尸体被挖了，他的头被放在威斯敏斯特（Westminster）一栋建筑物的屋顶上的一根杆子上，长达24年。克伦威尔（Cromwell）还因他对画家彼得·利利（Peter Lely）（1618-80）的著名讲话而被人们铭记。人们常常说某物或某人应该被显示出疣和所有东西，这意味着不应排除缺陷或不愉快的特征。奥利弗·克伦威尔（Oliver Cromwell）的尸体被挖了，他的头被放在威斯敏斯特（Westminster）一栋建筑物的屋顶上的一根杆子上，长达24年。克伦威尔（Cromwell）还因他对画家彼得·利利（Peter Lely）（1618-80）的著名讲话而被人们铭记。人们常常说某物或某人应该被显示出疣和所有东西，这意味着不应排除缺陷或不愉快的特征。