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noun /ˈɒksfəd/ /ˈɑːksfərd/ s [plural] (especially North American English) leather shoes that fasten with laces牛津鞋（一种系鞋带的皮鞋） compare lace-up (also cloth) [uncountable] (North American English) a type of heavy cotton cloth used mainly for making shirts牛津布（厚棉布，主要做衬衫用）
- a city in southern England, west of London, and the administrative centre of shire. is famous for its university, the oldest in Britain, established in the middle of the 12th century. The buildings of its many colleges are a major feature of the city, which is a tourist centre as well as an important centre of academic research. It is also an industrial city, and was the home for the Morris car factory.牛津（英格兰南部城市，位于伦敦西北，牛津郡的行政中心。牛津以其大学闻名，建于 12 世纪中叶的牛津大学是英国最古老的大学，许多学院的建筑是牛津的一大特色。牛津是旅游胜地、重要的学术研究中心，也是工业城市，曾是莫里斯汽车厂所在地）
Culture OxbridgeOxbridgeOxbridge is a word made from the names and Cambridge and is used to refer to the universities of and Cambridge together. and Cambridge are the oldest universities in Britain. They are generally also thought to be the best universities to study at. An Oxbridge degree makes a good impression with many employers, and graduates of these universities may have an advantage when applying for jobs. Although efforts are made to attract more students from state schools, many of the undergraduates at each university have been educated at independent schools. The upper class have traditionally sent their children to Oxbridge, and many prime ministers and politicians studied there. To many people, and Cambridge seem very remote places where only the very privileged can study.Students at and Cambridge must be accepted at one of around 30 partly independent colleges. Students are chosen after an interview in the college they want to go to. The teachers are called dons. Each college has its own teaching and research staff, who are fellows of the college, and its own buildings, including hall (= where members of the college eat), a library, a chapel, and rooms for students to live in during the term. The buildings are often arranged round a quad (= square). Until the 1970s colleges were single-sex, but now all colleges and almost all Cambridge colleges are mixed. The universities provide other facilities for all students to use, including laboratories, lecture rooms and libraries.The teaching system is different from that at most other universities. Students have tutorials, called supervisions at Cambridge, at which they read their essays to their tutor, a fellow who is a specialist in what they are studying. There are usually no more than one or two students at a tutorial and tutorials are arranged by the college. Students also go to lectures that are arranged by the university and open to all students. Terms are short, and students are expected to prepare for them in the vacations. Final examinations at are called schools, and at Cambridge the tripos. Undergraduates at and Cambridge study for a BA degree, but after a period of time graduates can convert their BA to an MA (Oxon) or an MA (Cantab) without doing any further study. Oxon is short for Oxoniensis, and Cantab for Cantabrigiensis, Latin for ‘of ’ and ‘of Cambridge’.At students sometimes have to wear gowns (= black robes), at dinner in hall or when they go to see the college principal (= head). When they sit examinations or go to a degree ceremony they have to wear academic dress. This is known as subfusc, and consists of black trousers or skirt, black shoes and socks or tights, a white shirt and a black or white tie. They also wear their gown and a mortar board (= a black hat with a flat, square top) and, when they graduate, a hood that shows their status. At Cambridge students only have to wear gowns when they matriculate (= become members of the university) and at graduation.The two universities are academic rivals, and also compete in debating and sport. The Boat Race, held each year around Easter, attracts national attention. Rugby and cricket teams play against each other in varsity matches, as well as against professional teams.
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