pension1
noun /ˈpenʃn/
/ˈpenʃn/
- an amount of money paid regularly by a government or company to somebody who has retired from work
养老金;退休金;抚恤金 - to receive a retirement pension
领取退休金 - The party promised to increase the basic state pension by £15 a week.
该党承诺将基本国家养老金每周增加15英镑。 - a disability pension
残疾抚恤金 - to take out a pension
领取养老金 - a workplace/an occupational pension
工作场所/职业养老金 - on a pension She was struggling to live on a small pension.
她靠微薄的养老金艰难度日。 - I've been paying into a private pension for years.
多年来,我一直在缴纳私人养老金。 - a pension fund
退休金基金 - a pension scheme/plan
养老金计划/计划
Collocations The ages of lifeThe ages of life Childhood/youth年龄段 童年/青年时期 - be born and raised/bred in ; into a wealthy/middle-class family
- have a happy/an unhappy/a tough childhood
有幸福/不幸/艰苦的童年 - grow up in a musical family/in an orphanage/on a farm
成长于音乐之家/孤儿院/农场 - be/grow up an only child (= with no brothers or sisters)
是独生子 - reach/hit/enter/go through adolescence/puberty
进入/经历青春期 - be in your teens/early twenties/mid-twenties/late twenties
十几岁;二十出头;二十五岁左右;将近三十岁 - undergo/experience physical/psychological changes
经历生理/心理变化 - give in to/succumb to/resist peer pressure
屈服于/顶住同辈的压力 - assert your independence/individuality
维护独立/个性
成年 - leave school/university/home
中学/大学毕业;离家 - go out to work (at sixteen)
(16 岁)投身工作 - get/find a job/partner
找到工作/伴侣 - be/get engaged/married
订婚;结婚 - have/get a wife/husband/mortgage/steady job
有妻子/丈夫/按揭贷款/稳定的工作 - settle down and have kids/children/a family
安定下来并生儿育女 - begin/start/launch/build a career (in politics/science/the music industry)
开始(政治/科学/音乐)职业生涯 - prove (to be)/represent/mark/reach a turning point in your life/career
最终成为/代表/标志/达到某人人生/某人职业生涯的转折点 - reach/be well into/settle into middle age
进入/安度中年 - have/suffer/go through a midlife crisis
经历中年危机 - take/consider early retirement
提前退休;考虑提前退休 - approach/announce/enjoy your retirement
临近/宣布/享受退休
老年 - have/see/spend time with your grandchildren
有孙辈;与孙辈共度时光 - take up/pursue/develop a hobby
开始/追求/培养一种爱好 - get/receive/draw/collect/live on a pension
得到/提取/领取退休金;靠退休金生活 - approach/save for/die from old age
临近晚年;存钱养老;老死 - live to a ripe old age
高寿 - reach the grand old age of 102/23 (often ironic)
活到 102/23 岁高龄(常作反语) - be/become/be getting/be going senile (often ironic)
变得衰老(常作反语) - die (peacefully)/pass away in your sleep/after a brief illness
在睡梦中/患病不久(平静地)离开人世
Collocations FinanceFinance Income财务 收入 - earn money/cash/(informal) a fortune/the minimum wage/a living wage
- make money/a fortune/(informal) a killing on the stock market
在股市上赚钱/赚一大笔钱/发大财 - acquire/inherit/amass wealth/a fortune
获得/继承/积累财富/一大笔钱 - build up funds/savings
积累资金/存款 - get/receive/leave (somebody) an inheritance/a legacy
得到/(给某人)留下遗产 - live on a low wage/a fixed income/a pension
靠低微的工资/固定收入/养老金过活 - get/receive/draw/collect a pension
领取养老金 - depend/be dependent on (British English) benefits/(North American English) welfare/social security
靠福利金/社会保障金过活
开支;支出 - spend money/your savings/(informal) a fortune on…
把钱/存款/一大笔钱花在…上 - invest/put your savings in…
投资/把储蓄金用于… - throw away/waste/ (informal) shell out money on…
把钱浪费/花费巨资在…上 - lose your money/inheritance/pension
失去钱财/遗产/养老金 - use up/ (informal) wipe out all your savings
把储蓄用光 - pay (in) cash
用现金支付 - use/pay by a credit/debit/contactless card
- pay by/make out a/write somebody a/accept a (British English) cheque/(US English) check
用支票支付;开支票;给某人开支票;接受支票 - change/exchange money/currency
- give/pay/leave (somebody) a deposit
预付(某人)订金
银行 - have/hold/open/close/freeze a bank account/an account
持有/开立/注销/冻结银行账户 - credit/debit/pay something into/take money out of your account
记入账户的贷方/借方;把钱存入账户/从账户中取出 - deposit money/funds in your account
往账户里存钱/存入资金 - withdraw money/cash/£30 from an ATM, etc.
从自动提款机等取钱/现金/30 英镑 - (formal) make a deposit/withdrawal
存款;取款 - find/go to/use (especially North American English) an ATM/(British English) a cash machine/dispenser
找到/去/使用自动提款机 - be in credit/in debit/in the black/in the red/overdrawn
账面有钱/亏空;有盈余;透支 - use a mobile/an online banking app/platform/service
个人理财 - manage/handle/plan/run/ (especially British English) sort out your finances
管理/处理/计划/经营管理/整顿财务问题 - plan/manage/work out/stick to a budget
计划/管理/制订/严格执行预算 - offer/extend credit (to somebody)
(给某人)提供贷款 - arrange/take out a loan/an overdraft
商定/获得贷款/透支额 - pay back/repay money/a loan/a debt
偿还钱/贷款/债务 - pay for something in (especially British English) instalments/(North American English usually) installments
以分期付款方式购买某物
财务困难 - get into debt/financial difficulties
陷入债务/财务困难 - be short of/ (informal) be strapped for cash
缺钱 - run out of/owe money
钱用光了;欠钱 - face/get/ (informal) be landed with a bill for £…
面对/收到一张…英镑的账单 - can’t afford the cost of…/payments/rent
承担不起…的费用/款项/房租 - fall behind with/ (especially North American English) fall behind on the mortgage/repayments/rent
拖欠按揭贷款/分期偿还款项/房租 - incur/run up/accumulate debts
带来/积欠/累积债务 - tackle/reduce/settle your debts
处理/减少/付清债务
Culture pensionspensionsPensions are regular payments made to people who have retired from work. Many people retire and start to receive a pension when they are about 65. The amount of money they receive depends on how much they have paid into their pension scheme and also on the type of scheme.In Britain, a basic state pension has been provided by the government since 1908 for those who paid National Insurance contributions while they were working. Pensions for each generation are paid for out of the contributions of people still working. A problem arising from this arrangement is that more people now live longer but the number of younger people in work has fallen, so that there is less money to pay for pensions and the age at which people start to receive the state pension goes up. This problem is likely to get worse in the future. Some pensioners complain that the state pension does not provide enough money for them to have a reasonable standard of living. People who do not qualify for a state pension, for example, because they have not paid enough National Insurance, may receive income support if they have no other source of money. War pensions for soldiers injured on duty are also paid by the government.Other kinds of pension pay larger amounts of money, though people have to pay more towards them. By law, employers have to offer a workplace pension, into which both workers and employers pay certain amounts. Company pension schemes are less generous than they were in the past: people are living longer, and it has become clear that some pension schemes have not had enough money paid into them. Some people, especially those who are self-employed, belong to private pension schemes arranged through insurance companies. The money paid into company or private pension schemes is invested in the stock market and the pension funds, the organizations that manage this money, are among the most important investors in the City.In the US there are three main types of pensions. The US government operates a programme called social security, and people who work have to pay into this programme. The amount of money they get when they retire depends on how much they earned when they were working, but it is never a lot. It would be difficult to live only on social security payments, and so people also arrange to receive a pension from another source.Many private employers offer a 401(k). This is an account in which an employee can save or invest money for their retirement without paying tax until the money is taken out. In some cases employers will also contribute. A 403(b) is offered for public service employees such as teachers. Many people who want to be sure of having enough money when they retire make their own personal arrangements. One common way of doing this is by opening a special bank account called an IRA, or Individual Retirement Account. With this kind of account people pay less tax than normal, but must agree to leave the money in the bank until they retire.Topics Moneyb2, Life stagesb2, Working lifeb2- Employees enjoy generous retirement pensions.
员工们享有优厚的退休金。 - He draws his pension at the post office.
他从邮局领取养老金。 - He is now retired and on a pension.
他现在退休了,靠养老金生活。 - Only half of all women qualify for a full state pension.
只有一半的妇女有资格获得全额国家养老金。 - She lives on her pension and her savings.
她靠养老金和积蓄生活。 - State pensions are funded by taxpayers.
国家养老金由纳税人提供资金。 - The state pension age for men and women will be 65.
领取国家养老金的年龄男女都将是 65 岁。 - You will have to find out whether or not you qualify for a pension.
你得弄明白自己是否有资格领取养老金。 - workers who have lost all their pensions as a result of company insolvencies
由于公司破产而失去所有养老金的工人 - Employers like freelancers as they avoid the extra expense of pension contributions, sick pay and national insurance.
雇主喜欢自由职业者,因为他们避免了养老金缴款、病假工资和国民保险的额外费用。
Collocations Dictionaryadjective- adequate
- big
- decent
- …
- collect
- draw
- get
- …
- age
- contributions
- fund
- …
- on a pension
词源late Middle English (in the sense ‘payment, tax, regular sum paid to retain allegiance’): from Old French, from Latin pensio(n-) ‘payment’, from pendere ‘to pay’. The current verb sense dates from the mid 19th cent. - to receive a retirement pension