privation
noun /praɪˈveɪʃn/
  /praɪˈveɪʃn/
[countable, usually plural, uncountable] (formal)- a lack of the basic things that people need for living贫困;匮乏;艰难 - the privations of poverty艰难困苦 
- They endured years of suffering and privation.他们饱受多年的煎熬与贫困。 
 词源Middle English: from Latin privatio(n-), from privat- ‘deprived’, from the verb privare ‘bereave, deprive’, from privus ‘single, individual’.
- the privations of poverty