refugee
noun /ˌrefjuˈdʒiː/
/ˌrefjuˈdʒiː/
- a person who has been forced to leave their country or home, because there is a war or for political, religious or social reasons
避难者；逃亡者；难民 - There has been a steady flow of refugees from the war zone.
从交战地区撤出的难民源源不断。 - political/economic refugees
政治避难者；由于经济危机而造成的难民 - a refugee camp
难民营
Collocations Race and immigrationRace and immigration种族与移民 偏见与种族歧视 - experience/encounter racism/discrimination/prejudice/anti-semitism
经历／遭遇种族歧视／歧视／偏见／反犹太主义 - face/suffer persecution/discrimination
面临／遭受迫害／歧视 - fear/escape from/flee racial/political/religious persecution
惧怕／逃离种族／政治／宗教迫害 - constitute/be a form of racial/race discrimination
构成／是一种种族歧视 - reflect/reveal/show/have a racial/cultural bias
反映出／揭示出／表现出／具有种族／文化偏见 - be biased/be prejudiced against (especially British English) black people/(both especially North American English) people of color/African Americans/Asians/Africans/Indians, etc.
对黑人／有色人种／非裔美国人／亚洲人／非洲人／印度人等有偏见 - discriminate against minority groups/minorities
歧视少数群体／少数民族 - perpetuate/conform to/fit/defy a common/popular/traditional/negative stereotype
固守／遵从／符合／藐视普遍的／流行的／传统的／负面的模式化观念 - overcome/be blinded by deep-seated/racial/(especially North American English) race prejudice
克服根深蒂固的／种族的偏见；被根深蒂固的／种族的偏见所蒙蔽 - entrench/perpetuate racist attitudes
固守种族主义的态度 - hurl/shout (especially British English) racist abuse; (especially North American English) a racist/racial/ethnic slur
高声地进行种族污辱 - challenge/confront racism/discrimination/prejudice
拒绝接受／对抗种族主义／歧视／偏见 - combat/fight (against)/tackle blatant/overt/covert/subtle/institutional/systemic racism
打压／反对／处理公然的／公开的／隐蔽的／微妙的／制度性的种族歧视
种族和社会 - damage/improve (especially British English) race relations
破坏／改善种族关系 - practise (racial/religious) tolerance/segregation
- bridge/break down/transcend cultural/racial barriers
消除／打破／超越文化／种族隔阂 - encourage/promote social integration
鼓励／促进社会融合 - outlaw/end discrimination/slavery/segregation
取缔／终止歧视／奴隶制／种族隔离 - promote/embrace/celebrate cultural diversity
促进／欣然接纳／颂扬文化多样性 - conform to/challenge/violate (accepted/established/prevailing/dominant) social/cultural norms
遵循／挑战／违背（公认的／确立的／盛行的／占支配地位的）社会／文化规范 - live in a multicultural society
生活在多元文化社会 - attack/criticize multiculturalism
攻击／批评多元文化主义 - fight for/struggle for/promote racial equality
为种族平等而斗争；促进种族平等 - perpetuate/reinforce economic and social inequality
延续／加剧经济和社会的不平等 - introduce/be for/be against (British English) positive discrimination/(especially North American English) affirmative action
推行／支持／反对积极性区别对待政策 - support/be active in/play a leading role in the civil rights movement
支持／积极参与／领导民权运动
移居 - control/restrict/limit/encourage immigration
控制／限制／鼓励外来移民 - attract/draw a wave of immigrants
吸引一批外来移民 - assist/welcome refugees
援助／欣然接受难民 - house/shelter refugees and asylum seekers
安置／庇护难民和寻求政治避难者 - smuggle illegal immigrants into the UK
偷运非法移民到英国 - deport/repatriate illegal immigrants/failed asylum seekers
驱逐／遣返非法移民／寻求政治避难失败者 - assimilate/integrate new immigrants
同化／融合新移民 - employ/hire migrant workers
雇用流动工人 - exploit/rely on (cheap/illegal) immigrant labour
- apply for/gain/obtain/be granted/be denied (full) citizenship
申请／获得／准予／未准予（完全的）公民身份 - have/hold dual citizenship
持有双重国籍
Collocations War and peaceWar and peace战争与和平 开战 - declare/make/wage war (on somebody/something)
（向…）宣战／挑起战争／发动战争 - go to war (against/with somebody)
（向…）开战 - cause/spark/provoke/foment/quell unrest
引起／平息骚乱 - incite/lead/crush/suppress a revolt/rebellion
煽动／领导／镇压起义／叛乱 - launch/mount/carry out a surprise/terrorist attack
发起／实施突然／恐怖袭击 - prevent/halt/represent an escalation of the conflict
防止／阻止／表明冲突升级 - be torn apart by/be on the brink of civil war
被内战搞得四分五裂；濒于内战 - enter/invade/occupy somebody’s territory
进入／侵略／占领某人的领土 - lead/launch/resist/repel an invasion
领导／发起／抵制／击退武装入侵
军事行动 - adopt/develop/implement/pursue a military strategy
采用／发展／实施／执行军事战略 - carry out/execute/perform military operations/manoeuvres
- send/deploy/station/pull back/withdraw troops
派遣／部署／派驻／撤回部队 - go on/fly/carry out a reconnaissance/rescue mission
进行／驾机执行／执行侦察／营救任务 - train/equip/deploy army/military/combat units
训练／装备／部署陆军／军事／作战分队 - lead/launch/conduct a raid/a surprise attack/an (air/airborne/amphibious) assault (on somebody)
领导／发起／实施（对某人的）突然袭击／（空中／空投部队／登陆）攻击 - employ/use guerrilla tactics
采用游击战术 - conduct/wage biological/guerrilla warfare
进行／发动生物战／游击战 - fight/crush/defeat the rebels/the insurgency
设法战胜／镇压／挫败叛乱者／叛乱 - suffer/inflict a crushing defeat
遭受惨败；大获全胜 - achieve/win a decisive victory
赢得决定性的胜利 - halt/stop the British/German/Russian advance
阻止英国／德国／俄罗斯的前进 - order/force a retreat
命令／强迫撤退
作战 - join/serve in the army/navy/air force
加入陆军／海军／空军；在陆军／海军／空军部队服役 - be/go/remain/serve on active duty
在服现役 - serve/complete/return from a tour of duty
在服役；服役完毕；服役归来 - be sent to the front (line)
被派往前线 - attack/strike/engage/defeat/kill/destroy the enemy
袭击／攻击敌人；与敌人交战；击败／杀死／消灭敌人 - see/report/be engaged in heavy fighting
目睹／报道／参与激战 - call for/be met with armed resistance
要求／遭遇武装抵抗 - come under heavy/machine-gun/mortar fire
冒着激烈的／机关枪的／迫击炮的射击 - fire a machine-gun/mortar shells/rockets (at somebody/something)
（对…）发射机关枪／迫击炮弹／火箭弹 - shoot a rifle/a pistol/bullets/missiles
步枪／手枪射击；发射子弹／导弹 - launch/fire a cruise/ballistic/anti-tank missile
发射巡航／弹道／反坦克导弹 - use biological/chemical/nuclear weapons
使用生物／化学／核武器 - inflict/suffer/sustain heavy losses/casualties
遭受惨重损失／伤亡 - be hit/killed by enemy/friendly/artillery fire
被敌军／友军／炮火击中／射死 - become/be held as a prisoner of war
成为战俘；作为战俘被监禁
战争中的平民 - harm/kill/target/protect innocent/unarmed civilians
伤害／杀死／瞄准／保护无辜的／手无寸铁的平民 - cause/avoid/limit/minimize civilian casualties/collateral damage
导致／避免／限制／最大限度减少平民伤亡／附带性破坏 - impose/enforce/lift a curfew
强制实行／解除宵禁 - engage in/be a victim of ethnic cleansing
参与种族清洗；成为种族清洗的受害者 - be sent to an internment/a concentration camp
被送到俘虏拘留营／集中营 - accept/house/resettle refugees fleeing from war
接受／收容／安置战争难民 - fear/threaten military/violent reprisals
害怕／扬言要军事／暴力报复 - commit/be accused of war crimes/crimes against humanity/genocide
犯／被指控犯战争罪／反人类罪／种族灭绝罪
和解 - make/bring/win/achieve/maintain/promote peace
促使／带来／赢得／实现／保持／促进和平 - call for/negotiate/broker/declare a ceasefire/a temporary truce
要求／商谈／协商／宣布停战／暂时休战 - sign a ceasefire agreement
签署停战协议 - call for/bring/put an end to hostilities
要求发动／引发／结束战争 - demand/negotiate/accept the surrender of somebody/something
强烈要求／商讨／接受…投降 - establish/send (in) a peacekeeping force
建立／派遣维和部队 - negotiate/conclude/ratify/sign/accept/reject/break/violate a peace treaty
商讨／达成／正式批准／签署／接受／拒绝／破坏／违反和平协定
Synonyms immigrantimmigrant- migrant
- refugee
- asylum seeker
- expatriate
- immigrant a person who has either chosen or been forced to leave their country and come to live permanently in a country that is not their own:
- immigrants from other European countries
来自其他欧洲国家的移民
- immigrants from other European countries
- migrant a person who moves from one place to another in order to find work or better living conditions:
- The country has a large seasonal migrant population.
这个国家有大量季节性移民人口。
- The country has a large seasonal migrant population.
- refugee a person who has been forced to leave their country or home, because there is a war or for political, religious or social reasons:
- There has been a steady flow of refugees from the war zone.
从交战地区撤出的难民源源不断。
- There has been a steady flow of refugees from the war zone.
- asylum seeker a person who has been forced to leave their own country because they are in danger and who arrives in another country asking to be allowed to stay there:
- to provide accommodation and support for asylum seekers
为寻求庇护者提供住宿和支持
- to provide accommodation and support for asylum seekers
- expatriate a person living in a country that is not their own, usually by choice:
- American expatriates in Paris
居住在巴黎的美国人
- American expatriates in Paris
- illegal/undocumented immigrants/migrants
- economic/skilled migrants
- political refugees
Topics War and conflictb2, Social issuesb2- A flood of displaced refugees fled west.
大批背井离乡的难民像潮水般向西边逃难。 - He does not qualify for refugee status.
他不符合难民资格。 - He was born in a refugee camp.
他出生于难民营。 - Hundreds of refugees are pouring over the border.
成百上千的难民涌过边境。 - Many claimed to be environmental refugees, leaving for the sake of their health.
很多人都自称是因为健康原因而离开的环境难民。 - Only nine per cent were found to be genuine political refugees.
只有9% 的人得到证实是真正的政治难民。 - She has been refused refugee status.
她被拒绝给予难民身分。 - The Home Office has refused him refugee status.
内政部拒绝给予他难民身分。 - The government has agreed to take only 150 refugees plus their dependants.
政府承诺只收留150 名难民及家属。 - The refugee flows alone would be a huge upheaval.
单是难民潮问题就会带来很大的动荡。 - They should be considered economic refugees.
他们应该被视为经济难民。 - Those who did not qualify as refugees were returned to their home countries.
那些不符合难民资格的人被遣返回国了。 - Unemployment among the refugees has risen sharply.
难民失业率飙升。 - a new influx of refugees from the combat zone
来自交战地区的新一批难民 - refugees displaced by the civil war
由于内战而流离失所的难民 - refugees fleeing political persecution
逃避政治迫害的避难者 - refugees from civil wars
由于内战而产生的难民 - refugees living in camps along the border
住在边境难民营里的人 - the government's strategy in dealing with would-be refugees
政府处理未来难民的策略 - Several thousand refugees are reported to have fled to the eastern border.
据报道，几千名难民逃到了东部边境。 - The country has a long tradition of giving asylum to political refugees.
这个国家有向政治难民提供庇护的悠久传统。
Collocations Dictionaryadjective- genuine
- would-be
- former
- …
- qualify as
- be considered (as)
- accept
- …
- flee something
- be displaced
- arrive
- …
- crisis
- issue
- problem
- …
- among refugee
- refugee from
- a flood of refugees
- a influx of refugees
- the flow of refugees
- …
词源late 17th cent.: from French réfugié ‘gone in search of refuge’, past participle of (se) réfugier, from refuge, from Latin refugium, from Latin re- ‘back’ + fugere ‘flee’. - There has been a steady flow of refugees from the war zone.