Richard I
/ˌrɪtʃəd ðə ˈfɜːst/
/rɪtʃərd ðə ˈfɜːrst/
- (1157-99) the king of England from 1189 to 1199, following his father King Henry II. He is often called Richard the Lionheart or Richard, Coeur de Lion, because of his courage in battle. He spent the first part of his rule abroad fighting in the Third Crusade, at the end of which he reached a peace agreement with Saladin in 1191. On his journey home he was captured and held as a prisoner by the Austrian emperor (= ruler) Henry VI, until a large amount of money was paid for releasing him. He spent his later years fighting against the French, and after his death in battle in 1199 he was replaced as king by his brother John.
理查德一世（Richard I）：（1157-99）1189年至1199年为英格兰国王，其父亲为亨利二世国王。由于他在战斗中的勇气，他通常被称为“狮心王理查德”或“狮心王理查德”。他在海外统治的第一部分中参加了第三次十字军东征，最后在1191年与萨拉丁达成了和平协议。回家的路上，他被奥地利皇帝俘虏并关押为囚徒亨利六世（Henry VI），直到为释放他付出了巨额金钱。他度过了后来与法国人的战斗，在1199年战死后，他被他的兄弟约翰（John）取代为国王。