scrape
verb /skreɪp/
/skreɪp/
动词形式
Idioms Phrasal Verbs| present simple I / you / we / they scrape | /skreɪp/ /skreɪp/ |
| he / she / it scrapes | /skreɪps/ /skreɪps/ |
| past simple scraped | /skreɪpt/ /skreɪpt/ |
| past participle scraped | /skreɪpt/ /skreɪpt/ |
| -ing form scraping | /ˈskreɪpɪŋ/ /ˈskreɪpɪŋ/ |
- [transitive] to remove something from a surface by moving something sharp and hard like a knife across it
刮掉；削去 - scrape something (+ adv./prep.) She scraped the mud off her boots.
她刮掉了靴子上的泥。 - We scraped away the top layer of wallpaper.
我们刮掉了墙纸的顶层。 - scrape something + adj. The kids had scraped their plates clean.
孩子们把自己的盘子刮得干干净净。
- I scraped the carrots with a knife.
我用小刀刮胡萝卜皮。 - The wood had been scraped clean.
木头已经刮干净了。
Collocations Dictionaryadverb- carefully
- gently
- away
- …
- against
- along
- on
- …
- scrape something clean
- scrape something (+ adv./prep.) She scraped the mud off her boots.
- [transitive] to rub something by accident so that it gets damaged or hurt
擦坏；擦伤；刮坏；蹭破 - scrape something She fell and scraped her knee.
她摔了一跤，把膝盖蹭破了。 - scrape something + adv./prep. I scraped the side of my car on the wall.
我车的一侧被墙刮了。 - Sorry, I've scraped some paint off the car.
抱歉，我把车刮掉了一块漆。 - The wire had scraped the skin from her fingers.
她的手指头让金属丝刮掉了皮。 - I scraped my elbow on the wall as I cycled past.
我骑车经过时在墙上擦伤了胳膊肘儿。
Collocations Dictionaryadverb- carefully
- gently
- away
- …
- against
- along
- on
- …
- scrape something clean
- scrape something She fell and scraped her knee.
- [intransitive, transitive] to make an unpleasant noise by rubbing against a hard surface; to make something do this
（使）发出刺耳的刮擦声 - (+ adv./prep.) I could hear his pen scraping across the paper.
我听得见他的钢笔在纸上沙沙地响。 - Bushes scraped against the car windows.
灌木丛刮擦着汽车窗户。 - We could hear her scraping away at the violin.
我们听得见她正一个劲儿吱吱呀呀地拉小提琴。 - scrape something (+ adv./prep.) Don't scrape your chairs on the floor.
别把椅子在地板上蹭得嘎吱嘎吱响。 - Patrick lifted the gate to prevent it from scraping along the ground.
帕特里克把门升高了，免得刮着地面。
- (+ adv./prep.) I could hear his pen scraping across the paper.
- [transitive, intransitive] scrape (something) to manage to win or to get something with difficulty
艰难取得；勉强获得 - The team scraped a narrow victory last year.
这支队去年险胜。 - (British English) I just scraped a pass in the exam.
我考试勉强及格。 - They scraped a living by playing music on the streets.
他们在街头演奏音乐，勉强维持生活。 - The government scraped home (= just won) by three votes.
政府以三票的微弱优势勉强过关。
- The team scraped a narrow victory last year.
- [transitive] scrape something (out) to make a hole or hollow place in the ground
挖坑；挖洞 - He found a suitable place, scraped a hole and buried the bag in it.
他找了个合适的地方，挖个坑，把包埋了进去。
- He found a suitable place, scraped a hole and buried the bag in it.
- [transitive] scrape your hair back to pull your hair tightly back, away from your face
把头发拢在后面 - Her hair was scraped back from her face in a ponytail.
她的头发拢在后面，扎成一个马尾辫。
- Her hair was scraped back from her face in a ponytail.
remove除去
damage损坏
make sound发出声音
win with difficulty艰难获取
make hole in ground在地上挖坑
pull hair back朝后拢头发
词源Old English scrapian ‘scratch with the fingernails’, of Germanic origin, reinforced in Middle English by Old Norse skrapa or Middle Dutch schrapen ‘to scratch’.
Idioms
bow and scrape
- (disapproving) to be too polite to an important person in order to gain their approval
卑躬屈膝；点头哈腰 - She was beginning to tire of all their bowing and scraping.
她开始厌倦他们所有的点头哈腰。
- She was beginning to tire of all their bowing and scraping.
scrape (the bottom of) the barrel
- (disapproving) to have to use things or people that are not the best or most suitable because the ones that were the best or most suitable are no longer available
（因别无选择）将就，凑合