shift

noun

OPAL WOPAL S

/ʃɪft/

period of work工作时间

[countable] a period of time worked by a group of workers who start work as another group finishes班；轮班；轮班工作时间

to work a shift轮班工作
I've just finished an eight-hour shift.我刚刚完成八小时轮班。
in shifts working in shifts轮班工作
on a shift to be on the day/night shift at the factory在工厂上日班／夜班
shift workers/work轮班工作的工人；轮班作业

Collocations Jobs工作Jobs职业Getting a job找工作

look for work找工作
look for/apply for/go for a job找工作；申请一个职位；努力争取工作
get/pick up/complete/fill out/ (British English) fill in an application (form)得到／拿到／完成／填写申请（表）
send/email your (British English) CV/(North American English) résumé/application/application form/covering letter寄／通过电邮发送简历／申请／申请表／附函
be called for/have/attend an interview被要求参加／有／参加面试
offer somebody a job/work/employment/promotion给某人提供一份工作；雇用某人；提拔某人
find/get/land a job找到工作
employ/ (especially North American English) hire/recruit/ (especially British English) take on staff/workers/trainees雇用员工／工人／实习生
recruit/appoint a manager招聘／任命经理

Doing a job做工作

arrive at/get to/leave work/the office/the factory上／下班；到办公室／工厂上班；从办公室／工厂下班
start/finish work/your shift开始／结束工作／轮班工作时间
do/put in/work overtime加班
have/gain/get/lack/need experience/qualifications拥有／获得／缺乏／需要经验／资格
do/get/have/receive training做／得到／接受培训
learn/pick up/improve/develop (your) skills学习／偶然学会／提高／发展技能
cope with/manage/share/spread the workload应付／勉力完成／分担／分摊工作量
improve your/achieve a better work-life balance达到更好的工作与生活的平衡
have (no) job satisfaction/job security有／没有工作满足感／职业保障

Building a career建立职业生涯

have a job/work/a career/a vocation有工作／事业／职业
find/follow/pursue/ (especially North American English) live (out) your vocation找到／从事／致力于／实践适合自己的职业
enter/go into/join a profession加入一个行业
choose/embark on/start/begin/pursue a career选择／从事／开始／致力于一种职业
change jobs/profession/career换工作／行业／职业
be/ (both especially British English) work/go freelance做自由职业
do/take on temp work/freelance work做／开始从事临时工作／特约工作
do/be engaged in/be involved in voluntary work做／从事／参与义务性工作

Leaving your job离职

leave/ (especially North American English) quit/resign from your job离职；辞职
give up work/your job/your career放弃工作／事业
hand in your notice/resignation递交辞呈
plan to/be due to retire in June/next year, etc.计划／预计六月／明年等退休
take early retirement提前退休

see also graveyard shift, night shift, split shift, swing shift

He works the night shift.他上夜班。
I agreed to work double shifts for a few weeks.我同意上几周双班。
I didn't realize that I'd have to work shifts.我没想到我还得轮班。
I'm doing the early shift this week.这周我上早班。
It was 8 a.m. and the nurses were changing shifts.早上 8 点，护士们正在交班。
My husband changed his shifts from afternoons to nights.我丈夫已换了当班时间，从下午班变成了夜班。
The clinic is staffed by ten doctors who work in shifts.诊所共 10 位医生轮班应诊。
The shift change took place at 10 p.m.换班时间是晚上 10 点。
They'd altered his shift pattern twice in the past fortnight.过去两周他们让他换了两次班。

Topics Businessb1

Collocations Dictionaryadjective

double
long
split
…

verb + shift

do
work
be on
…

shift + verb

begin
start
end
…

shift + noun

work
manager
supervisor
…

preposition

in shifts
on a/the shift

[countable + singular or plural verb] the workers who work a particular shift轮班职工

The night shift has/have just come off duty.上夜班的刚刚下班。

The drama began at 5.15 am as the day shift was going on duty.那部剧早晨5点15分开始，正是日班职工要上班时。
Most of the night shift had already left.大部分夜班职工已经离去。
As I left the next shift was settling in for the day.我离开时，那天下一班的当值人员正准备上岗。

change改变

[countable] a change in opinion, mood, policy, etc.改变；转移；转换；变换

The minister's recent announcement represents a major policy shift.部长最近的声明代表了一个重大的政策转变。
a sudden shift to the right in British politics英国政治的突然右倾
shift in something Does the government's condemnation of the regime signal a shift in policy?政府对该政权的谴责是否标志着政策的转变？
a dramatic shift in public opinion公众舆论的急剧变化
The moment marked a significant shift in attitudes to the war.这一时刻标志着对战争的态度有了重大转变。
Over the last ten years there has been a fundamental shift in the way we do business.在过去的十年里，我们做生意的方式发生了根本性的转变。
shift of something a shift of emphasis重点的转移
With the shift of power in the Senate, the bill's fate is in doubt.随着参议院权力的转移，该法案的命运令人怀疑。
shift towards something A gradual shift towards renewable energy would mean reduced carbon emissions.逐步转向可再生能源将意味着减少碳排放。
shift from something to something In developed countries there has been a shift from manufacturing to services.在发达国家，制造业已经转向服务业。

on computer计算机

[uncountable]

(also shift key [singular])

the system on a computer keyboard or typewriter that allows capital letters or a different set of characters to be typed; the key that operates this system（计算机键盘或打字机上的）转换（键），换挡（键）

Wordfinder

backspace
click
control
cursor
escape
keyboard
return
shift
slash
space bar

Topics Computersc2

clothing服装

enlarge image

[countable] a woman’s simple straight dress直筒式连衣裙

[countable] a simple straight piece of clothing worn by women in the past as underwear（旧时妇女穿的）直筒式内衣

see also Doppler shift, sound shift, stick shift

Wordfinder

assembly line
capacity
factory
foreman
plant
process
production
shift
shop floor
workforce

shift

verb

OPAL S

/ʃɪft/

动词形式

present simple I / you / we / they shift	/ʃɪft/ /ʃɪft/
he / she / it shifts	/ʃɪfts/ /ʃɪfts/
past simple shifted	/ˈʃɪftɪd/ /ˈʃɪftɪd/
past participle shifted	/ˈʃɪftɪd/ /ˈʃɪftɪd/
-ing form shifting	/ˈʃɪftɪŋ/ /ˈʃɪftɪŋ/

Idioms Phrasal Verbs

move移动

[intransitive, transitive] to move, or move something, from one position or place to another转移；挪动

Lydia shifted uncomfortably in her chair.莉迪亚在椅子上不安地动来动去。
I shifted uneasily under his gaze.我在他的注视下不安地移动。
shift from somebody/something to somebody/something The action of the novel shifts from Paris to London.小说情节从巴黎移到了伦敦。
shift to somebody/something The main hub of America's dairy industry is shifting to New Mexico and Idaho.美国乳制品行业的主要中心正转移到新墨西哥州和爱达荷州。
shift something Could you help me shift some furniture?你能帮我挪几件家具吗？
Julie shifted her position slightly and smiled.朱莉稍微换了一下姿势，笑了。
shift something from somebody/something to somebody/something He shifted his gaze from the child to her.他把目光从孩子身上移到她身上。
She shifted her weight from one foot to the other.她把身体的重量从一只脚换到另一只脚上。
shift something to something More Japanese manufacturers are shifting production to China.越来越多的日本制造商将生产转移到中国。

Government grants are being shifted away from the capital to the regions.政府拨款正逐步从首都转向地方。
In recent years, manufacturing has shifted out of the US.近年来，制造业已经转移到美国境外。
Like many plays, this one shifts back and forth in time and place.和许多剧一样，这个剧也是在时空上来回变换。

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

slightly
impatiently
nervously
…

preposition

from
onto
to
…

phrases

shift from foot to foot
shift in your chair
shift in your seat
…

[intransitive, transitive] shift (yourself) (British English, informal) to move quickly赶快；快速移动 synonym hurry

situation/opinion/policy情况；意见；政策

[intransitive] (of a situation, an opinion, a policy etc.

情况、意见、政策等

) to change from one state, position, etc. to another改变；转向

Public attitudes towards marriage have shifted over the past 50 years.50 年来，公众对婚姻的态度已经改变。
constantly shifting alliances不断变更的同盟
The press's attention shifted elsewhere, at least temporarily.媒体的注意力转移到了别处，至少是暂时的。
The public's attitude had shifted dramatically. 公众的态度发生了戏剧性的转变。
shift (away) from somebody/something to/towards somebody/something The balance of power shifted away from workers towards employers.强势的一方从工人转为雇主。
shift (away) from somebody/something I felt the advantage had suddenly shifted away from us.我感到我们突然失去了优势。
shift to/towards/toward somebody/something Her sympathies gradually shifted to the side of the protesters.她逐渐同情抗议者。

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

dramatically
markedly
radically
…

verb + shift

attempt to
try to
tend to
…

preposition

(away) from
back
back and forth
…

[transitive] to change your opinion of or attitude towards something, or change the way that you do something改变观点（或态度、做事方式等）

shift something We need to shift the focus of this debate.我们需要转换一下辩论的焦点。
shift something (from…) (to/towards/toward…) The new policy shifted the emphasis away from fighting inflation.新政策不再把重点放在抑制通货膨胀上。

They are trying to shift public attitudes about the nature of old age.他们试图改变公众对老龄本质的看法。
These changes will shift the balance in higher education more towards science subjects.这些变化将使高等教育的天秤向理科倾斜。

Topics Opinion and argumentc1

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

dramatically
markedly
radically
…

verb + shift

attempt to
try to
tend to
…

preposition

(away) from
back
back and forth
…

responsibility责任

[transitive] shift responsibility/blame (for something) (onto somebody) to make somebody else responsible for something you should do or something bad that you have done推卸，转嫁（责任）

He tried to shift the blame for his mistakes onto his colleagues.他自己犯了错误，却试图把责任推给同事。

We cannot simply shift the responsibility onto someone else.我们不能简单地把责任推给别人。
They tried to shift the blame onto the government.他们试图把责任推给政府。

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

dramatically
markedly
radically
…

verb + shift

attempt to
try to
tend to
…

preposition

(away) from
back
back and forth
…

remove mark去除污迹

[transitive] shift something to remove something such as a dirty mark去除（污迹等） synonym get rid of something

a detergent that shifts even the most stubborn stains能去除极顽固的污渍的洗涤剂

sell goods销售商品

[transitive] shift something to sell goods, especially goods that are difficult to sell销售，出售（尤指销路不好的商品）

They cut prices drastically to try and shift stock.他们大幅度降价，试图销出存货。

in vehicle车辆

[intransitive] (North American English) to change the gears when you are driving a vehicle换（挡）

to shift into second gear换成二挡

词源Old English sciftan ‘arrange, divide, share’, of Germanic origin; related to German schichten ‘to layer’. A common Middle English sense ‘change, replace’ gave rise to the noun senses (5) and (6) (via the sense of ‘changing one's clothes’) and senses (2) and (3) (via the sense of ‘relays of workers’).

Idioms

shift your ground

(usually disapproving) to change your opinion about a subject, especially during a discussion（尤指讨论时）改变立场
- Each time he seemed to be losing the argument, he just shifted his ground.每次他好像都输掉了辩论，其实他只是改变了一下说法而已。
Topics Opinion and argumentc2

(the) shifting sands (of something)

used to describe a situation that changes so often that it is difficult to understand or deal with it变幻莫测；变化无常