spread

verb

OPAL S

/spred/

动词形式

present simple I / you / we / they spread	/spred/ /spred/
he / she / it spreads	/spredz/ /spredz/
past simple spread	/spred/ /spred/
past participle spread	/spred/ /spred/
-ing form spreading	/ˈspredɪŋ/ /ˈspredɪŋ/

Idioms Phrasal Verbs

among people在人们中间

[intransitive, transitive] to affect or make something affect, be known by, or be used by more and more people传播；散布；（使）流传

The news had spread and was causing great excitement.消息传开了，引起了极大的轰动。
+ adv./prep. Use of computers spread rapidly during that period.在那个时期，计算机的应用迅速普及开来。
Within weeks, his confidence had spread throughout the team.短短几个星期，他的信心感染了全体队员。
The disease spreads easily.这种疾病容易传播。
The idea spread quickly in the years that followed.这个想法在随后的几年里迅速传播开来。
spread something Someone's been spreading rumours about you.有人一直在散布关于你的谣言。
He's using his rap music to spread the message that violence is wrong.他用他的说唱音乐来传播暴力是错误的信息。
The disease is spread by mosquitoes.这种疾病通过蚊子传播。
The virus is primarily spread from person to person through coughing and sneezing.这种病毒主要通过咳嗽和打喷嚏在人与人之间传播。
The depression started in the US and spread quickly throughout the world.大萧条始于美国，并迅速蔓延至全球。

Wordfinder

bacteria
disease
epidemic
fever
illness
immunity
infection
spread
vaccinate
virus

His fame had spread far and wide.他声名远扬。
The disease can be spread by contact.这种疾病通过接触传染。
I wish he would stop spreading lies about me.希望他别再散布关于我的谎言。
The effects of this policy spread far beyond children now at school.这一政策的影响已经远远超出了在校儿童的范围。

Topics Illnessb1

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

fast
like wildfire
quickly
…

preposition

(all) across
among
around
…

phrases

be thinly spread
spread yourself too thin

cover large area覆盖大面积

[intransitive, transitive] to cover, or to make something cover, a larger and larger area（使）蔓延，扩散，散开

There is no evidence that the cancer has spread.没有证据表明癌症已经扩散。
+ adv./prep. The fire rapidly spread to adjoining buildings.大火迅速蔓延到了邻近的建筑物。
Water began to spread across the floor.水开始漫过地板。
A smile spread slowly across her face.微笑慢慢在她脸上绽开。
Allow plenty of space for this plant as its roots spread widely.多给这种植物留点儿空间，因为它的根蔓生得很开。
spread something A strong wind spread the flames.强风吹散了火焰。
Using too much water could spread the stain.用水太多可能使污迹扩散。

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

fast
like wildfire
quickly
…

preposition

(all) across
among
around
…

phrases

be thinly spread
spread yourself too thin

[transitive] spread somebody/something to cause somebody/something to be in a number of different places使分散；使分布

Seeds and pollen are spread by the wind.种子和花粉是随风传播的。
We have 10 000 members spread all over the country.我们有 1 万名成员分布在全国各地。

Expertise in this field is very thinly spread across the country.该领域的专门技术在该国没有怎么得到推广。
Friends may be spread geographically. Neighbours, by definition, are nearby.朋友可以散布在天南海北，而邻居，顾名思义就是邻近而居。

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

fast
like wildfire
quickly
…

preposition

(all) across
among
around
…

phrases

be thinly spread
spread yourself too thin

[intransitive] spread (out) + adv./prep. to cover a large area延伸；伸展；扩张

The valley spread out beneath us.山谷在我们下方延伸。

soft layer稀软的层面

[transitive, intransitive] to put a layer of a substance onto the surface of something; to be able to be put onto a surface涂；敷

spread something They spread manure in both spring and autumn.他们在春天和秋天都施肥。
spread (A on/over B) to spread butter on pieces of toast在烤面包片上抹黄油
Birds spread the oil over their feathers to keep them warm and dry.鸟儿把油涂在羽毛上，以保持羽毛温暖干燥。
spread (B with A) pieces of toast spread with butter抹了黄油的烤面包片
If the paint is too thick, it will not spread evenly.油漆如果太稠就涂不均匀。

He spread jam on the toast.他把果酱抹在面包片上。
Spread each slice generously with butter.在每一片上都多抹点儿黄油。
If the paint is too thick, it will not spread easily.油漆如果太稠就不容易涂抹。
She spread butter on a piece of toast.她往烤面包片上抹黄油。
Spread the cake with cream and then sprinkle flakes of chocolate on top.把奶油抹到蛋糕上，然后在上面撒些巧克力碎片。

Topics Cooking and eatingb2

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

thickly
lightly
thinly
…

preposition

on
with

open/arrange展开；铺开

[transitive] to open something that has been folded so that it covers a larger area than before展开；打开

spread something (out) The bird spread its wings.鸟展开翅膀。
a bird with its wings spread wide展开双翅的鸟儿
spread something (out) on/over something They spread a cloth on the table.他们在桌子上铺了一块布。
Sue spread the map out on the floor.休在地板上摊开地图。
We spread the rug out on the floor.我们把地毯铺在地上。
He spread the blanket over the straw and went to sleep.他把毯子铺在稻草上，睡着了。
spread something + adj. He had a newspaper spread open on his knee.他把报纸铺开放在膝上。

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

carefully
out

preposition

across
on
over
…

phrases

spread something open
spread your arms, legs, etc. out wide
spread your arms, legs, etc. wide
…

[transitive] to arrange objects so that they cover a large area and can be seen easily摊开；使散开

spread something out on/over something Papers had been spread out on the desk.各种报纸摊在书桌上。
spread something out She spread out photographs of her grandchildren so I could see how they'd grown.她摊开孙子孙女的照片，这样我就能看到他们是如何长大的。
He was studying the various pages of notes spread over the quilt.他正在研究铺在被子上的各种笔记。
He shuffled the cards and spread them in a fan.他洗牌，然后用扇子摊开。

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

carefully
out

preposition

across
on
over
…

phrases

spread something open
spread your arms, legs, etc. out wide
spread your arms, legs, etc. wide
…

[transitive] to place the thumb and a finger of one hand on the screen of an electronic device such as a mobile phone or small computer and move them apart to make the image on the screen larger, as though it is closer（在手机等电子装置的屏幕上）两指张开以放大图文

Re-size the text by using the pinch and spread gestures on the screen.使用屏幕上的收缩和伸展手势来调整文本大小。

arms/legs双臂；双腿

[transitive] spread something (out) to move your arms, legs, fingers, etc. far apart from each other张开；伸开

She spread her arms and the child ran towards her.她张开双臂，孩子向她跑来。

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

carefully
out

preposition

across
on
over
…

phrases

spread something open
spread your arms, legs, etc. out wide
spread your arms, legs, etc. wide
…

divide/share划分；分摊

[transitive] to separate something into parts and divide them between different times or different people分（若干次）进行；由（若干人）分摊

spread something Why not pay monthly and spread the cost of your car insurance?你为什么不把汽车保险费按月分期支付呢？
spread something (out) (over something) A series of five interviews will be spread over two days.一共五次面谈，分两天进行。
The course takes forty hours, spread over twenty weeks.这门课程共需 40 个小时，分 20 周上完。
spread something between somebody/something We attempted to spread the workload between the departments.我们试图把工作分摊给各部门。
We tried to spread the workload evenly between the departments.我们试图在几个部门间平均分摊这些工作。

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

equally
evenly
uniformly
…

verb + spread

try to

preposition

among
between
over
…

词源Old English -sprǣdan (used in combinations), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch spreiden and German spreiten.

Idioms

spread like wildfire

(of news, etc.消息等) to become known by more and more people very quickly像野火般蔓延；迅速传开
- Rumours of his death spread like wildfire.有关他去世的谣言像野火般迅速传开。
- The news spread like wildfire.消息不胫而走。

spread your net

to consider a wide range of possibilities or cover a large area, especially to try to find somebody/something考虑到多种可能；大面积地排查；撒开网（寻找）
- They have spread their net far and wide in the search for a new team coach.他们撒开网四处物色新的球队教练。

spread your wings

to become more independent and confident and try new activities, etc.展翅高飞（更自信地尝试新事物）
- Going to college gave her the chance to spread her wings.上大学给了她展翅的机会。

spread the word

to tell people about something散布消息
- I'm always trying to spread the word about healthy eating.我总是试图传播健康饮食的信息。

spread yourself too thin

to try to do so many different things at the same time that you do not do any of them well样样都抓，哪样都抓不好
- With four markets to manage, there's a danger that's she's spreading herself too thin.她要管理四个市场，恐怕会分身乏术。

spread

noun

OPAL S

/spred/

increase扩大

[uncountable] an increase in the amount or number of something that there is, or in the area that is affected by something传播；散布；扩展；蔓延

measures to halt the spread of the disease阻止疾病传播的措施
to prevent/stop the spread of something防止/阻止某物的传播
One disadvantage is the company's lack of geographical spread.一个缺点是该公司缺乏地理分布。
The treaty has proved rather effective at limiting the spread of nuclear weapons.事实证明，该条约在限制核武器扩散方面相当有效。
The aim is to encourage the spread of information about the condition.目的是鼓励传播关于这种疾病的信息。
Shut doors to delay the spread of fire.关门以延缓火势蔓延。
the spread of a city into the surrounding areas城市向周边地区的扩展
Such unhygienic conditions encourage the spread of disease.这些不卫生的环境助长疾病的蔓延。

range/variety广泛；多样

[countable, usually singular] spread (of something/somebody) a range or variety of things or people广泛；多样

a broad spread of opinions各种各样的意见
There was a good spread of scores on the test.考试分数分布很好。

Try to have a broad spread of investments, rather than concentrating on one industry.尝试广泛投资，而不是专注于一个行业。
The questionnaire revealed a wide spread of opinions on the issues.问卷显示了对这些问题的广泛意见。

Collocations Dictionaryadjective

good
great
wide
…

verb + spread

encourage
promote
halt
…

preposition

spread of

on bread面包

[countable, uncountable] a soft food that you put on bread抹在面包上的东西

Use a low-fat spread instead of butter.不要抹黄油，抹点低脂肪的东西吧。
They offered me some crackers with cheese spread.他们给了我一些涂有奶酪酱的薄脆饼干。

area covered所占区域

[countable, usually singular] spread (of something) the area that something exists in or happens in涉及区域；活动范围

The company has a good geographical spread of hotels in this country.该公司在这个国家开设的饭店地理分布相当广。
The current survey will have a wider geographical spread.当前的调查将在更广泛的地域范围内进行。

[countable, usually singular] spread (of something) how wide something is or the area that something covers宽度；面积；翼展

The bird's wings have a spread of nearly a metre.这只鸟翼展近一米。

in newspaper/magazine报刊

[countable] an article or advertisement in a newspaper or magazine, especially one that covers two opposite pages（尤指横贯两版的）文章，广告

The story continued with a double-page spread on the inside pages.这篇报道在报纸的内页有横贯两版的后续部分。
Her work featured in a two-page spread in ‘New Woman’ magazine.她的成果在《新女性》杂志上有两个版面的报道。

meal餐食

[countable] (informal) a large meal, especially one that is prepared for a special occasion丰盛的餐食

They had laid on a huge spread for the party.他们为聚会安排了丰盛的食物。

of land/water陆地；水域

[countable, usually singular] spread (of something) (North American English) an area of land or water区域；一大片

a vast spread of water浩瀚的水域
They have a huge spread in California (= a large farm or ranch).他们在加利福尼亚拥有大片的土地。

finance金融

[uncountable] the difference between two rates or prices（两种价格或比率的）差额，差幅

on bed床

(North American English)

(also bedspread, bedcover ())

[countable] an attractive cover put on top of all the sheets and covers on a bed（使）蔓延，扩散，散开

词源Old English -sprǣdan (used in combinations), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch spreiden and German spreiten.