the Duke of Wellington
/ðə ˌdjuːk əv ˈwelɪŋtən/
/ðə ˌduːk əv ˈwelɪŋtən/
- born Arthur Wellesley (1769-1852) an English soldier and politician, sometimes called the Iron Duke. He was made a duke in 1814 as a reward for his victories against the French general Napoleon in the Peninsular War. The next year Wellington's army, with the Prussians, completely defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo. The Duke then began an active political career and in 1828 became leader of the Tories and Prime Minister of Britain. He made a lot of enemies in only two years. First he supported the Emancipation Act, giving Roman Catholics the right to vote. This was unpopular in his own party. Then he opposed the Reform Act, which was popular in the country. In 1830 he was forced to resign, although he returned to the government in 1834. He is buried in St Paul's Cathedral, next to Nelson.
惠灵顿公爵：出生于亚瑟·韦尔斯利（Arthur Wellesley，1769-1852年），是英国士兵和政治家，有时也被称为铁公爵。1814年，他因在半岛战争中击败法国将军拿破仑的胜利而被封为公爵。次年，惠灵顿的军队与普鲁士人一起在滑铁卢战役中完全击败了拿破仑。公爵随后开始了积极的政治生涯，并于1828年成为保守党和英国首相的领导人。他在短短两年内就结交了很多敌人。首先，他支持《解放法》，赋予罗马天主教徒投票权。这在他自己的政党中不受欢迎。然后他反对在该国流行的《改革法》。1830年，他被迫辞职，尽管他于1834年返回政府。他被埋葬在纳尔逊旁边的圣保罗大教堂。