up

adverb

/ʌp/

For the special uses of up in phrasal verbs, look at the entries for the verbs. For example break up is in the phrasal verb section at break.Idioms

towards or in a higher position向（或在）较高位置；向上；在上面
- He jumped up from his chair.他从椅子上跳起来。
- Your mum said you were up here (= upstairs).你妈妈说你在楼上。
- The sun was already up (= had risen) when they set off.他们出发时太阳已经升起来了。
- They live up in the mountains.他们住在山区。
- It didn't take long to put the tent up.没用多长时间就搭完帐篷了。
- You look nice with your hair up (= arranged on top of or at the back of your head).你把头发向上梳很好看。
- Lay the cards face up (= facing upwards) on the table.把纸牌正面朝上摆在桌子上。
- Up you come! (= said when lifting a child)举高高喽！
- The car was up on blocks.汽车停在几个街区外。
- I was up on deck at first light.天一亮我就在甲板上。
- Two men were up on the roof, repairing a leak.两个人在屋顶上修理漏洞。
- I pinned the notice up on the wall.我把通知钉在墙上了。
- She tries to stay under water but she floats back up.她试图呆在水下，但她又浮了起来。
to or at a higher level向（或在）较高水平；加大；增高
- She turned the volume up.她把音量调大了。
- Prices are still going up (= rising).物价还在上涨。
- United were 3–1 up at half-time.半场结束时，联队以 3:1 领先。
- The wind is getting up (= blowing more strongly).风渐渐大起来了。
- Sales are well up on last year.销量比去年大幅增加。
Language Bank increase
increaseDescribing an increase描述增长
- Student numbers in English language schools in this country increased from 66 000 in 2018 to just over 84 000 in 2019.该国英语学校的学生人数从2018年的66，000人增加到2019年的84，000多人。
- The number of students increased by almost 30 per cent compared with the previous year.与前一年相比，学生人数增加了近30%。
- Student numbers shot up/increased dramatically in 2019.2019年，学生人数激增。
- The proportion of Spanish students rose sharply from 5 per cent in 2018 to 14 per cent in 2019.西班牙学生的比例从2018年的5%大幅上升至2019年的14%。
- There was a significant rise in student numbers in 2019.2019年，学生人数大幅上升。
- The 2019 figure was 84 000, an increase of 28 per cent on the previous year.2019年的数字为84，000人，比上一年增加28%。
- The 2019 figure was 84 000, 28 per cent up on the previous year.2019年的数字为84 000人，比上年增长28%。
- As the chart shows, this can partly be explained by a dramatic increase in students from Spain.如图所示，这种情况的部分原因是西班牙学生人数的急剧上升。
to the place where somebody/something is朝（某人或某物）的方向；向…的地方
- A car drove up and he got in.一辆汽车开过来，他就上了车。
- She went straight up to the door and knocked loudly.她径直走到门前大声敲门。
out of bed未上床；起床
- I stayed up late (= did not go to bed until late) last night.我昨晚熬夜了。
- (British English) He's up and about again after his illness.他病愈后又能起来活动了。
to or at an important place, especially a large city到，朝，在（重要地方，尤指大城市）
- We're going up to New York for the day.我们要上纽约一天。
- (British English, formal) His son's up at (= University).他儿子在上牛津大学。
to a place in the north of a country; further north than somewhere else向（国家北部的地方）；向（北方）
- They've moved up north.他们已搬到北部去了。
- We drove up to Inverness to see my father.我们开车北上因弗内斯去看我父亲。
- I'm up there almost every other weekend我几乎每隔一个周末都会去那里
- Up here in Liverpool things are different.在利物浦，情况不同。
completely完全；彻底地
- We ate all the food up.我们把食物吃光了。
- The stream has dried up.小溪已经干涸了。
so as to be finished or closed（以便）完结，关闭
- I have some paperwork to finish up.我有些文案工作要做完。
- Do your coat up; it's cold.把上衣扣上，天凉了。
into pieces or parts成碎片；分开
- She tore the paper up.她把纸撕得粉碎。
- They've had the road up (= with the surface broken or removed) to lay some pipes.他们挖开了路面以便敷设管线。
- How shall we divide up the work?我们怎么分工呢？
so as to be formed or brought together（以便）形成，聚拢
- The government agreed to set up a committee of inquiry.政府同意成立一个调查委员会。
- She gathered up her belongings.她收拾起她的私人物品。
(of a period of time一段时间) finished; over已结束；已过去
- Time's up. Stop writing and hand in your papers.时间到了。不要再写了，把试卷交上来。
(informal) used to say that something is happening, especially something unusual or unpleasant（尤指异常或不愉快的事情）发生，出现
- I could tell something was up by the looks on their faces.从他们的脸色我就知道出事了。
- What's up? (= What is the matter?)怎么回事？
- What's up with him? He looks furious.他怎么了？他看上去怒气冲冲的。
- Is anything up? You can tell me.出什么事了吗？跟我说吧。
Especially in North American English What’s up? can just mean ‘What’s new?’ or ‘What’s happening?’ There may not be anything wrong.
about to happen, be discussed, etc.未上床；起床
- Next up in our top ten is a new release by Ariana Grande.下一个十大热门是爱莉安娜·格兰德的新专辑。
- Up after the break we will be introducing our mystery guest!休息后，我们将介绍我们的神秘客人！

词源Old English up(p), uppe, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch op and German auf.

Idioms

be up to somebody

to be somebody’s duty or responsibility; to be for somebody to decide是…的职责（或责任）；由…决定
- It's not up to you to tell me how to do my job.还轮不到你来告诉我怎么做我的事。
- Shall we eat out or stay in? It's up to you.咱们是到外面吃饭还是待在家里？你决定吧。

not be up to much

(British English) to be of poor quality; to not be very good质量差；不很好
- His work isn't up to much.他的活儿做得不怎么样。

up against something

(informal) facing problems or opposition遇到问题；遭到反对
- Teachers are up against some major problems these days.老师们最近面临着一些重大问题。
- She's really up against it (= in a difficult situation).她确实陷入了困境。

up and down

moving upwards and downwards起伏；上下波动
- The boat bobbed up and down on the water.小船在水面颠簸。
in one direction and then in the opposite direction来回；往复
- She was pacing up and down in front of her desk.她在办公桌前踱来踱去。
sometimes good and sometimes bad时好时坏
- My relationship with him was up and down.我跟他的关系忽冷忽热。
(North American English, informal) if you swear up and down that something is true, you say that it is definitely true绝对地；肯定地；完全地

up and running

(of a system, for example a computer system系统，如计算机系统) working; being used在运转；在使用中
- By that time the new system should be up and running.到那时这个新系统应该会运转起来了。

up before somebody/something

appearing in front of somebody in authority for a judgement to be made about something that you have done到…面前接受裁决；出庭受审
- He came up before the local magistrate for speeding.他因超速驾驶到当地法庭受审。

up for something

on offer for something提供作…
- The house is up for sale.这所房子正待出售。
being considered for something, especially as a candidate正被考虑，被提名（作候选人等）
- Two candidates are up for election.有两位候选人被提名参选。
(informal) willing to take part in a particular activity愿意参与（某活动）
- We're going clubbing tonight. Are you up for it?我们今晚去夜总会，你愿意来吗？

up there

(informal) among or almost the best, worst, most important, etc.（是或差不多是最好、最差、最重要等）之列，之一
- It may not have been the worst week of my life but it's up there.这可能不是我一生中最糟糕的一周，但也差不远了。
- OK, it's not my absolute dream, but it's up there.是的，那不是我的终极梦想，不过也差不远了。
- These people can’t live without the internet—it’s up there with air and water.这些人离不开互联网——那里有空气和水。

up to something

as far as a particular number, level, etc.达到（某数量、程度等）；至多有
- I can take up to four people (= but no more than four) in my car.我的汽车最多能载四个人。
- The temperature went up to 35°C.气温上升到了 35 摄氏度。
(also up until something)
not further or later than something; until something直到；不多于；不迟于
- Read up to page 100.读到第 100 页。
- Up to now he's been very quiet.到目前为止，他一直很安静。
as high or as good as something与…一样高（或好）
- Her latest book isn't up to her usual standard.她的新作没有达到她平常的水准。
(also up to doing something)
physically or mentally capable of something（体力或智力上）能胜任
- He's not up to the job.他无法胜任这项工作。
- I don't feel up to going to work today.我觉得不舒服，今天不能去上班。
(informal) doing something, especially something bad正在干，从事着（尤指坏事）；在捣鬼
- What's she up to?她在捣什么鬼？
- What've you been up to?你一直在搞什么名堂？
- I'm sure he's up to no good (= doing something bad).我敢说他在打什么坏主意。