burn
verb /bɜːn/
/bɜːrn/
动词形式
Idioms Phrasal Verbs| present simple I / you / we / they burn | /bɜːn/ /bɜːrn/ |
| he / she / it burns | /bɜːnz/ /bɜːrnz/ |
| past simple burnt | /bɜːnt/ /bɜːrnt/ |
| past participle burnt | /bɜːnt/ /bɜːrnt/ |
| past simple burned | /bɜːnd/ /bɜːrnd/ |
| past participle burned | /bɜːnd/ /bɜːrnd/ |
| -ing form burning | /ˈbɜːnɪŋ/ /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/ |
- [intransitive] to produce flames and heat
燃烧；烧 - A welcoming fire was burning in the fireplace.
壁炉里燃烧着暖融融的炉火。 - Fires were burning all over the city.
全城处处燃烧着大火。 - A small candle burned brightly.
一支小蜡烛明亮地燃烧着。
- Fresh leaves will burn slowly with billows of smoke.
新鲜树叶燃烧缓慢，并会散发出浓烟。 - The fire was still burning fiercely.
大火仍在熊熊燃烧。 - The flame in the oil lamp burned steadily.
油灯里的火焰持续燃烧。
Collocations Dictionaryadverb- fiercely
- steadily
- slowly
- …
- burn out of control
- A welcoming fire was burning in the fireplace.
- [intransitive] (used especially in the progressive tenses
尤用于进行时 着火；烧着 - By nightfall the whole city was burning.
到黄昏时，全城已是一片火海。 - The girl ran from the burning building.
女孩从着火的大楼里跑了出来。 - Two children were rescued from the burning car.
两名儿童从燃烧着的车中被救了出来。 - They called us to tell us that my aunt's house was burning.
他们打电话告诉我们，我姑姑的房子着火了。 - The smell of burning rubber filled the air.
空气中弥漫着橡胶燃烧的气味。
Collocations Dictionaryadverb- fiercely
- steadily
- slowly
- …
- burn out of control
- By nightfall the whole city was burning.
- [transitive, intransitive] to destroy, damage, injure or kill somebody/something by fire; to be destroyed, etc. by fire
（使）烧毁，烧坏，烧伤，烧死 - Six million acres have burned this year in the United States.
今年美国有600万英亩土地被烧毁。 - The house burned to the ground.
房子被大火夷为平地。 - Ten people burned to death in the hotel fire.
旅馆火灾中有十人被烧死。 - burn somebody/something to burn waste paper/dead leaves
焚烧废纸／枯树叶 - All his belongings were burnt in the fire.
他所有的财物都在大火中付之一炬。 - The house was burnt to the ground (= completely destroyed).
那座房子彻底焚毁了。 - The survivors burned the bodies of the victims of the plague.
幸存者焚烧了瘟疫受害者的尸体。 - Several protesters burned American flags.
几名抗议者焚烧了美国国旗。 - The cigarette burned a hole in the carpet.
香烟把地毯烧了个洞。 - Joan of Arc was burned at the stake.
圣女贞德被烧死在火刑柱上。 - burn somebody/something + adj. His greatest fear is of being burnt alive.
他最怕的是被活活烧死。 - burn + adj. Many were left with no choice but to burn alive or leap to their deaths from the upper floors.
许多人别无选择，只能活活烧死，或者从楼上跳下来等死。
- Several people were burned to death.
有几个人被烧死了。 - The building was burned to the ground.
这幢楼被烧成了一片焦土。 - Bishop Tunstall preached a sermon against the book, after which copies were ceremonially burnt.
滕斯托尔主教讲道抨击这本书，随后举行了烧书仪式。 - She burned all his letters.
她把他的信全部付之一炬。
Collocations Dictionaryadverb- badly
- seriously
- severely
- …
- be burned alive
- be burned at the stake
- be burned to ashes
- …
- Six million acres have burned this year in the United States.
- [transitive, intransitive] if you burn a fuel, or a fuel burns, it produces heat, light or energy
（使燃料）燃烧 - Which fuel burns most efficiently?
哪种燃料燃烧效果最佳？ - burn something a furnace that burns gas/oil/coke
煤气／煤油／焦炭熔炉 - (figurative) Some people burn calories (= use food to produce energy) faster than others.
有些人热量消耗得比其他人快。
Collocations Dictionaryadverb- brightly
- Which fuel burns most efficiently?
- [intransitive, transitive] if food burns, or if you burn it, it is damaged by too much heat
（使）烧焦，烧煳 - I can smell something burning in the kitchen.
我闻到厨房里有东西烧焦了。 - burn something Sorry—I burnt the toast.
抱歉，我把面包烤煳了。
- I can smell something burning in the kitchen.
- [intransitive, transitive] to be damaged or injured by the sun, heat, acid, etc.; to damage or injure somebody/something in this way
（使）晒伤，烫伤，烧伤 - My skin burns easily (= in the sun).
我的皮肤容易晒伤。 - fair skin that burns easily
容易晒黑的白晰皮肤 - burn somebody I got badly burned by the sun yesterday.
我昨天严重晒伤。 - burn something I burnt my tongue trying to eat a hot meat pie.
我想吃一块热肉饼，结果烫到了舌头。 - The soup's hot. Don't burn your mouth.
汤很热，别烫了嘴。 - His face had been horrifically burnt by acid.
他的脸被酸严重烧伤了。 - burn yourself I burned myself on the stove.
我被炉子烫了。
Synonyms burnburn- char
- scald
- scorch
- singe
- burn to damage, injure, destroy or kill somebody/something with fire, heat or acid; to be damaged, etc. by fire, heat or acid:
- She burned all his letters.
她把他的信全部付之一炬。 - The house burned down in 1995.
那房子在 1895 年烧毁了。
- She burned all his letters.
- char [usually passive] to make something black by burning it; to become black by burning:
- The bodies had been charred beyond recognition.
这些尸体已烧焦，无法辨认。
- The bodies had been charred beyond recognition.
- scald to burn part of your body with very hot liquid or steam.
指被高温液体或气体烫伤 - scorch to burn and slightly damage a surface by making it too hot:
- I scorched my dress when I was ironing it.
我把自己的连衣裙熨焦了。
- I scorched my dress when I was ironing it.
- singe to burn the surface of something slightly, usually by mistake; to be burnt in this way:
- He singed his hair as he tried to light his cigarette.
他点烟时把头发给燎了。
- He singed his hair as he tried to light his cigarette.
用 scorch 还是 singe？ - to burn/scald yourself/your hand
- to burn/scorch/singe your hair/clothes
- burnt-out/charred/scorched remains/ruins/buildings
- My skin burns easily (= in the sun).
- [intransitive] if part of your body burns or is burning, it feels very hot and painful
火辣辣地痛；发烫 - Your forehead's burning. Have you got a fever?
你的前额很烫，你发烧了吗？ - Her cheeks burned with embarrassment.
她羞得面颊发烫。
Synonyms hurthurt- ache
- burn
- sting
- tingle
- itch
- throb
- hurt (of part of your body) to feel painful; (of an action) to cause pain:
- My feet hurt.
我脚疼。 - Ouch! That hurt!
哎哟！好疼！
- My feet hurt.
- ache to feel a continuous pain that is not severe:
- I’m aching all over.
我周身疼痛。
- I’m aching all over.
- burn (of part of your body) to feel very hot and painful:
- Our eyes were burning from the chemicals in the air.
空气中弥漫的化学物质熏得我们的眼睛火辣辣地痛。
- Our eyes were burning from the chemicals in the air.
- sting to make somebody feel a sharp burning pain or uncomfortable feeling in part of their body; (of part of your body) to feel this pain:
- My eyes were stinging from the smoke.
烟熏得我眼睛痛。
- My eyes were stinging from the smoke.
- tingle (of part of your body) to feel as if a lot of small sharp points are pushing into the skin there:
- The cold air made her face tingle.
冷空气冻得她的脸发痛。
- The cold air made her face tingle.
- itch to have an uncomfortable feeling on your skin that makes you want to scratch; to make your skin feel like this:
- I itch all over.
我浑身痒。 - Does the rash itch?
皮疹痒吗？
- I itch all over.
- throb (of part of your body) to feel pain as a series of regular beats:
- His head throbbed painfully.
他的头一抽一跳地痛。
- His head throbbed painfully.
- your eyes hurt/ache/burn/sting/itch
- your skin hurts/burns/stings/tingles/itches
- your flesh hurts/burns/stings/tingles
- your head hurts/aches/throbs
- your stomach hurts/aches
- to really hurt/ache/burn/sting/tingle/itch/throb
- to hurt/ache/sting/itch badly/a lot
- It hurts/stings/tingles/itches.
- Her skin seemed to burn at his touch.
她的皮肤似乎在他的触摸下燃烧。 - Our eyes were burning from the chemicals in the air.
空气中弥漫的化学物质熏得我们的眼睛火辣辣地痛。
- Your forehead's burning. Have you got a fever?
- [intransitive] to produce light
发光；发亮 - Lights were burning upstairs, but no one answered the door.
楼上亮着灯，但叫门没人回应。 - hot sunshine burning through the windows
火辣辣的阳光透过窗户照射进来 - Their torches burned brightly in the dark.
他们的火把在黑暗中发出明亮的光。
Collocations Dictionaryadverb- brightly
- Lights were burning upstairs, but no one answered the door.
- [intransitive, transitive] (literary) to feel or show a very strong emotion or desire
有强烈的情感；渴望 - Her eyes burned fiercely.
她的眼睛燃烧着怒火。 - burn with something to be burning with rage/ambition/love
满怀强烈的仇恨／远大的抱负／炽热的爱 - burn to do something He was burning to go climbing again.
他渴望再去爬山。
- He was burning with indignation.
他义愤填膺。 - She could sense the anger burning slowly inside him.
她能感觉到怒火在他心中慢慢燃起。
Collocations Dictionaryadverb- fiercely
- slowly
- with
- Her eyes burned fiercely.
- [intransitive] + adv./prep. (informal) to move very fast in a particular direction
向…迅速移动 - The car was burning down the road.
汽车沿着公路疾驰而去。
- The car was burning down the road.
- [transitive] burn somebody (North American English, informal) to make somebody very angry
激怒；使大怒 - So you did it just to burn me?
这么说，你那样做只是为了气我？
- So you did it just to burn me?
- [transitive, intransitive] burn (something) (to something) to put information onto a CD or DVD
刻录（光盘或数字影碟） - [transitive, intransitive] (business
商业 觉得耳朵在发烧（认为或猜测别人在说自己） - burn something The project burns £2 million a year in contractor costs.
该项目每年耗费承包商200万英镑。 - burn through something The state has already burned through its cash reserves.
该州已经耗尽了现金储备。
- burn something The project burns £2 million a year in contractor costs.
fire火
fuel燃料
food食物
sun/heat
of part of body身体部位
of a light灯
feel emotion/desire有情感／热望
go fast走得快
make angry使生气
CD, DVD光盘、数字影碟
spend money
词源verb Old English birnan ‘be on fire’ and bærnan ‘consume by fire’, both from the same Germanic base; related to German brennen.
Idioms
burn your bridges
(British English also burn your boats)
- to do something that makes it impossible to return to the previous situation later
不留退路；破釜沉舟；背水而战 - Think carefully before you resign—you don't want to burn your bridges.
辞职前要三思，你得给自己留条退路。
- Think carefully before you resign—you don't want to burn your bridges.
burn the candle at both ends
- to become very tired by trying to do too many things and going to bed late and getting up early
过度劳累；起早贪黑而疲惫不堪
burn your fingers | get your fingers burnt
- to suffer as a result of doing something without realizing the possible bad results, especially in business
（尤指生意上）没有先见之明而蒙受损失，因不慎而吃亏 - He got his fingers badly burnt dabbling in the stock market.
他糊里糊涂地进入股票市场，结果赔了老本。
- He got his fingers badly burnt dabbling in the stock market.
burn a hole in your pocket
- if money burns a hole in your pocket, you want to spend it as soon as you have it
一有（钱）就想花；花钱没有节制
burn the midnight oil
- to study or work until late at night
挑灯夜战；熬夜
burn rubber
- (informal) to drive very fast
飞车
burn (something) to a cinder/crisp
- to become completely burnt, especially because it has been cooked for too long
着火；烧着 - By the time I got home, the cake was burnt to a cinder.
等我回到家，蛋糕已经烤成炭了。
- The tower was struck by lightning and was burned to a cinder.
那座塔被闪电击中，烧成了灰烬。 - I like my steak burnt to a cinder on the outside and blood red and juicy inside.
我喜欢外面烧得很焦， 面血红多汁的牛排。
- By the time I got home, the cake was burnt to a cinder.
crash and burn
- (informal) to go wrong or to fail badly and suddenly
把某物烧焦（或烧煳） - His career crashed and burned after he threatened a journalist.
在他威胁一名记者后，他的职业生涯崩溃了。 - The stock markets are getting ready to crash and burn.
股票市场正准备崩溃和燃烧。 - She continued to crash and burn through personal controversies that included driving drunk.
她继续在包括酒后驾车在内的个人争议中崩溃和燃烧。
- His career crashed and burned after he threatened a journalist.
somebody’s ears are burning
- a person thinks that other people are talking about them, especially in an unkind way
（感到有人议论自己，尤指说闲话而）耳朵发热 - ‘I bumped into your ex-wife last night.’ ‘I thought I could feel my ears burning!’
“我昨天晚上偶然遇到你的前妻。” “怪不得我好像觉得耳朵发热呢！”
- ‘I bumped into your ex-wife last night.’ ‘I thought I could feel my ears burning!’
have money to burn
- to have so much money that you do not have to be careful with it
钱多得花不完；有用不完的钱