constrain
verbOPAL W
/kənˈstreɪn/
/kənˈstreɪn/
(formal)动词形式
| present simple I / you / we / they constrain | /kənˈstreɪn/ /kənˈstreɪn/ |
| he / she / it constrains | /kənˈstreɪnz/ /kənˈstreɪnz/ |
| past simple constrained | /kənˈstreɪnd/ /kənˈstreɪnd/ |
| past participle constrained | /kənˈstreɪnd/ /kənˈstreɪnd/ |
| -ing form constraining | /kənˈstreɪnɪŋ/ /kənˈstreɪnɪŋ/ |
- [usually passive] to force somebody to do something or behave in a particular way
强迫；强制；迫使 - be/feel constrained to do something The evidence was so compelling that he felt constrained to accept it.
证据是那样的令人折服，他觉得不得不接受。 - The company said that it was constrained to raise prices.
该公司说它被迫提高价格。
- She was an annoying woman, but I always felt constrained to be pleasant to her.
她是一个令人讨厌的女人，但我总是觉得必须对她友好。 - They found themselves constrained to accept the proposal.
他们发现自己不得不接受这个提议。
- be/feel constrained to do something The evidence was so compelling that he felt constrained to accept it.
- [often passive] to limit somebody/something
限制；限定；约束 - be constrained (by something) Research has been constrained by a lack of funds.
研究工作因经费不足而受限制。 - Men and women are becoming less constrained by stereotyped roles.
男性和女性越来越不受陈规定型角色的束缚。 - constrain something There are a number of factors that constrain agricultural development.
有许多因素制约着农业发展。 - be/feel constrained from doing something She felt constrained from continuing by the threat of losing her job.
由于受到失去工作的威胁，她感到很难再坚持下去。
- be constrained (by something) Research has been constrained by a lack of funds.
词源Middle English: from Old French constraindre, from Latin constringere ‘bind tightly together’.