do1

verb

/duː/

动词形式

present simple I / you / we / they do	/duː/ /duː/
he / she / it does	/dʌz/ /dʌz/
past simple did	/dɪd/ /dɪd/
past participle done	/dʌn/ /dʌn/
-ing form doing	/ˈduːɪŋ/ /ˈduːɪŋ/

Idioms Phrasal Verbs

action行为

[transitive] do something used to refer to actions that you do not mention by name or do not know about做，干，办（某事）

What are you doing this evening?你今晚打算做什么？
We will do what we can to help.我们会尽力帮助。
Are you doing anything tomorrow evening?你明晚有事吗？
The company ought to do something about the poor service.公司应该对差劲的服务采取点措施。
What have you done to your hair?你的头发是怎么搞的？
There's nothing to do (= no means of passing the time in an enjoyable way) in this place.这地方没什么好玩的。
There's nothing we can do about it (= we can't change the situation).这种事情我们毫无办法。
What can I do for you (= how can I help)?我能为您做点什么？

behave表现

[intransitive] to act or behave in the way mentioned（以某种方式）做，行动，表现

do as… Do as you're told!叫你怎么做你就怎么做！
They are free to do as they please.他们想怎么做就怎么做。
+ adv./prep. You would do well to (= I advise you to) consider all the options before buying.你购买之前最好对各种选择都考虑一下。

Just do what they tell you to do.照他们所说的去做就是了。
Do whatever you like.你喜欢做什么就做什么。

succeed/progress顺利进行；进展

[intransitive] + adv./prep. used to ask or talk about the success or progress of somebody/something（问询或谈论时用）进展，进行

How is the business doing?生意好吗？
She did well out of (= made a big profit from) the deal.她从这笔交易中赚了不少钱。
He's doing very well at school (= his work is good).他在学校里学习很不错。
Both mother and baby are doing well (= after the birth of the baby).母子平安。
(informal) How are you doing (= how are you)?你好吗？

Topics Successa1

task/activity任务；活动

[transitive] do something to work at or perform an activity or a task从事（工作）；进行（活动）；执行（任务）

I'm doing some research on the subject.我正就这一课题进行研究。
I have a number of things to do today.我今天有些事情要做。
I do aerobics once a week.我每周做一次有氧健身运动。
Let's do (= meet for) lunch.咱们一起吃顿午饭吧。
(informal) Sorry. I don't do funny (= I can't be funny).对不起。我可不是开玩笑。

[transitive] to perform the activity or task mentioned做；从事

do the ironing, cooking, shopping, etc. I like listening to the radio when I'm doing the ironing.我喜欢边熨衣服边听收音机。
You could help me by doing the dishes.你可以帮我洗碗。
do some, a little, etc. acting, writing, etc. She did a lot of acting when she was at college.她在大学时演过很多戏。

Vocabulary Building Household jobs: do or make?Household jobs: do or make?家务活：用 do 还是 make？

To talk about jobs in the home you can use such phrases as wash the dishes, clean the kitchen floor, set the table, etc. In conversation the verb do is often used instead:做家务活可用下列短语表示：wash the dishes（洗餐具）、clean the kitchen floor（擦洗厨房地板）、set the table（摆餐具）等，在口语中常用动词 do 取代：
- Let me do the dishes.我来洗碗吧。
- Michael said he would do the kitchen floor.迈克尔说他来擦洗厨房地板。
- It’s your turn to do the table.轮到你摆餐具了。
Do is often used with nouns ending in -ing:do 常与以 -ing 结尾的名词连用：
- to do the shopping/cleaning/ironing/vacuuming买东西；打扫卫生；熨衣服；用吸尘器吸尘
.
The verb make is used especially in the phrase make the beds and when you are talking about preparing or cooking food:动词 make 尤用于短语 make the beds（铺床）以及谈论烹调：
- He makes a great lasagne.他做的宽面条真好吃。
- I’ll make breakfast while you’re having a shower.你淋浴时我就做早餐。
You can also say get, get ready and, especially in North American English, fix for preparing meals:
- Can you get dinner while I put the kids to bed?我照料孩子们上床睡觉时你做饭行吗？
- Sit down—I’ll fix supper for you.坐下吧，我给你做晚饭。

[transitive] do something used with nouns to talk about tasks such as cleaning, washing, arranging, etc.（与名词连用，表示打扫、清洗、整理等）

to do (= wash) the dishes洗碗碟
to do (= arrange) the flowers插花
I like the way you've done your hair.我喜欢你梳的发式。

job职业

[transitive] do something (usually used in questions通常用于疑问句) to work at something as a job从事（职业）

What do you do (= what is your job)?你干什么工作？
What does she want to do when she leaves school?她毕业后想干什么？
What did she do for a living?她过去干哪一行为生？
What's Tom doing these days?汤姆最近在干什么？

study学习

[transitive] do something to learn or study something学习；攻读；研究

I'm doing physics, biology and chemistry.我在学物理、生物和化学。
Have you done any (= studied anything by) Keats?你读过济慈的作品吗？

solve解决

[transitive] do something to find the answer to something; to solve something解答；解决

I can't do this sum.我不会做这道算术题。
Are you good at doing crosswords?你擅长填纵横字谜吗？

make制作

[transitive] to produce, make or provide something做出；制作

do something to do a drawing/painting/sketch画画；绘画；画素描
Does this pub do lunches?这家酒馆供应午餐吗？
Who's doing the food for the wedding reception?谁在承办婚宴的酒席？
Many hotels don't do single rooms at all.很多旅馆根本不提供单人间
do something for somebody I'll do a copy for you.我将为你复印一份。
do somebody something I'll do you a copy.我将复印一份给你。

Synonyms makemake

do
create
develop
produce
generate
form

These words all mean to make something from parts or materials, or to cause something to exist or happen.

make
to create or prepare something by combining materials or putting parts together; to cause something to exist or happen:
- She makes her own clothes.她自己做衣服。
- She made a good impression on the interviewer.她给主持面试者留下了很好的印象。
do
(rather informal) to make or prepare something, especially something artistic or something to eat:指制作、准备（尤指艺术品或食品）：
- He did a beautiful drawing of a house.他画了一栋漂亮的房子。
- Who’s doing the food for the party?谁为聚会准备食物？
create
to make something exist or happen, especially something new that did not exist before:
- Scientists disagree about how the universe was created.科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。

make or create?用 make 还是 create？Make is a more general word and is more often used for physical things: you would usually make a table/dress/cake but create jobs/wealth. You can use create for something physical in order to emphasize how original or unusual the object is: Try this new dish, created by our head chef.

develop
(used especially in business contexts) to think of and produce a new product:
- to develop new software开发新软件
produce
to make things to be sold; to create something using skill:
- a factory that produces microchips微芯片制造厂
generate
to produce or create something, especially power, money or ideas:
- to generate electricity发电
- Brainstorming is a good way of generating ideas.集思广益是出主意的好办法。
form
[often passive] to make something from something else; to make something into something else:
- Rearrange the letters to form a new word.重新排列字母，组成另一单词。
- The chain is formed from 136 links.这根链条由 136 个链节组成。

Patterns

to make/create/develop/produce/generate/form something from/out of something
to make/form something into something
to make/produce wine
to create/develop a new product
to create/produce/generate income/profits/wealth
to produce/generate electricity/heat/power

He did a beautiful drawing of a house.他画了一栋漂亮的房子。
Who's doing the flowers for the wedding?谁在为婚礼献花？

be suitable/enough适合；足够

[intransitive, transitive] to be suitable or be enough for somebody/something适合；足够

‘Can you lend me some money?’ ‘Sure—will $20 do?’“你能借给我一点钱吗？” “当然可以，20 元够吗？”
do for somebody/something These shoes won't do for the party.这双鞋聚会时穿不合适。
do as something The box will do fine as a table.这个箱子用作桌子还蛮不错。
do somebody (+ adv./prep.) (especially British English) This room will do me nicely, thank you (= it has everything I need).这房间对我很合适，谢谢你。

perform演出

[transitive] do something to perform or produce a play, an opera, etc.演出，编排（戏剧、歌剧等）

The local dramatic society is doing ‘Hamlet’ next month.地方戏剧社准备下月演出《哈姆雷特》。

copy somebody仿效

[transitive] do somebody/something to copy somebody’s behaviour or the way somebody speaks, sings, etc., especially in order to make people laugh仿效，模仿，扮演（尤为逗乐）

He does a great Elvis Presley.他把埃尔维斯 · 普雷斯利模仿得惟妙惟肖。
Can you do a Welsh accent?你能模仿威尔士口音吗？

finish完成

be/get something done

[intransitive, transitive] to finish something完成；做完

Sit there and wait till I'm done.坐在那里等我做完。
be done doing something I've done talking—let's get started.我的说话完了，咱们开始吧。
get something done Did you get your article done in time?你的论文按时完成了吗？

travel旅行

[transitive] do something to travel a particular distance走过，旅行过（一段路程）

How many miles did you do during your tour?你走了多少英里的旅程？
My car does 40 miles to the gallon (= uses one gallon of petrol to travel 40 miles).我的汽车每耗一加仑汽油可行驶 40 英里。

[transitive] do something to complete a journey走完，完成（旅程）

We did the round trip in two hours.我们两小时打了个来回。

speed速度

[transitive] do something to travel at or reach a particular speed以…速度行进；达到…速度

The car was doing 90 miles an hour.汽车以每小时 90 英里的速度行驶。

visit参观

[transitive] do something (informal) to visit a place as a tourist参观；游览；在…观光

We did Tokyo in three days.我们在东京游览了三天。

spend time度过

[transitive] do something to spend a period of time doing something度过（一段时间）

She did a year at college, but then dropped out.她在大学读了一年书，但后来就辍学了。
He did six years (= in prison) for armed robbery.他因持械抢劫罪服了六年刑。

deal with处理

[transitive] do somebody/something to deal with or attend to somebody/something处理；照料

The hairdresser said she could do me (= cut my hair) at three.理发师说她三点钟可以给我理发。

cook烹调

[transitive] do something to cook something烹制；煮；烧；煎

How would you like your steak done?你的牛排要几成熟？

cheat欺骗

[transitive, usually passive] (British English, informal) to cheat somebody欺骗

be done This isn't a genuine antique—you've been done.这不是真正的古董，你上当了。

punish惩罚

[transitive] do somebody (for something) (British English, informal) to punish somebody惩罚；处罚

They did him for tax evasion.他们因他逃税而处罚了他。
She got done for speeding.她因超速行驶而受到处罚。

steal偷窃

[transitive] do something (informal) to steal from a place（从某地方）盗窃；抢劫（某地方）

The gang did a warehouse and a supermarket.那帮匪徒抢劫了一个仓库和一家超级市场。

take drugs吸毒

[transitive] do something (informal) to take an illegal drug吸（毒）

He doesn't smoke, drink or do drugs.他不抽烟，不喝酒，也不吸毒。

have sex性交

[transitive] do somebody/it (slang) to have sex with somebody与某人发生性关系

词源Old English dōn, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch doen and German tun, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek tithēmi ‘I place’ and Latin facere ‘make, do’.

Idioms Most idioms containing do are at the entries for the nouns and adjectives in the idioms, for example do a bunk is at bunk.

be/have (got) nothing/not much to do with somebody/something

to be something that somebody does not need to know about or should not get involved in与…有些（毫无、有很大等）关系
- It's my decision—it's nothing to do with you.这是我的决定——不关你的事。
- ‘How much do you earn?’ ‘What's it got to do with you?’“你挣多少钱？” “这跟你有什么关系？”
- We don't have very much to do with our neighbours (= we do not speak to them very often).我们与邻居没什么来往。
- I'd have nothing to do with him, if I were you.如果我是你，我就不会跟他有任何瓜葛。

be/have to do with somebody/something | have (got) something, a lot, etc. to do with somebody/something

to be about or connected with somebody/something关于；与…有关系（或有联系）
- ‘What do you want to see me about?’ ‘It's to do with that letter you sent me.’“你想见我有什么事？” “是关于你写给我的那封信。”
- Her job has something to do with computers.她的工作与计算机有些关系。
- Hard work has a lot to do with (= is an important reason for) her success.努力工作是她成功的重要原因。

do right, well, etc. by somebody

to treat somebody in a way that is right, good, etc.以正确的、好的等方式对待某人。
- If we cannot keep the streets safe, then we are not doing right by the people of this country.如果我们不能保证街道的安全，那么我们这个国家的人民就做得不对。
- We need to do better by those suffering from mental illness.我们需要为那些患有精神疾病的人做得更好。
- We have done badly by the unemployed.我们对失业者做得不好。

it won’t do

(especially British English) used to say that a situation is not acceptable and should be changed or improved（表示情况不令人满意、需要改变或改进）那不行，这不合适
- This is the third time you've been late this week; it simply won't do.这是你本周第三次迟到了，这可不行啊。

not do anything/a lot/much for somebody

(informal) used to say that something does not make somebody look attractive并不使某人漂亮一些／很多
- That hairstyle doesn't do anything for her.那种发型并不使她更漂亮。

nothing doing

(informal) used to refuse a request（拒绝请求）不行，办不到
- ‘Can you lend me ten dollars?’ ‘Nothing doing!’“你能借给我十块钱吗？” “不行！”

no you don’t

(informal) used to show that you intend to stop somebody from doing something that they were going to do不，你办不到；不，我不许你这样做；你敢
- Sharon went to get into the taxi. ‘Oh no you don't,’ said Steve.沙伦走过去要上出租车。“喔，不，你不许走。” 史蒂夫说道。

that does it

(informal) used to show that you will not accept something any longer（表示不愿再接受）行了，得了，够了
- That does it, I'm off. I'm not having you swear at me like that.够了，我就要不客气了。我不能容忍你那样跟我骂骂咧咧的。

that’s done it

(informal) used to say that an accident, a mistake, etc. has had a very bad effect on something这下可糟了；这下可完了
- That's done it. You've completely broken it this time.这下可完了。你这回是把它彻底弄坏了。

that will do

used to order somebody to stop doing or saying something（制止行动或说话）行啦，够啦
- That'll do, children—you're getting far too noisy.行啦，孩子们，你们简直吵死人了。

what do you do for something?

used to ask how somebody manages to obtain the thing mentioned你是怎么设法获得…的
- What do you do for entertainment out here?你在这里有什么消遣？

what is somebody/something doing…?

used to ask why somebody/something is in the place mentioned为什么在…地方
- What are these shoes doing on my desk?这些鞋怎么在我的书桌上呢？