Ernest Rutherford
/ˌɜːnɪst ˈrʌðəfəd/
/ˌɜːrnɪst ˈrʌðərfərd/
- (1871-1937) a British scientist, born in New Zealand. His main interest was in the structure of the atom, and he worked for much of his career at the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University. In 1902 he explained the process of radioactive decay, in which one chemical element can turn into another, and he received the Nobel Prize for this work in 1908. Later work identified alpha, beta and gamma rays, and he discovered and named the proton (= part of the atom) in 1919. His work was of great importance in the later development of nuclear technology. He was made a life peer in 1931.
欧内斯特·卢瑟福（Ernest Rutherford）：（1871-1937）英国科学家，出生于新西兰。他的主要兴趣是原子的结构，他在剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室工作了大部分时间。在1902年，他解释了放射性衰变的过程，其中一种化学元素可以转变为另一种化学元素，他于1908年因这项工作而获得了诺贝尔奖。后来的工作确定了α，β和γ射线，他发现并命名了质子（ =原子的一部分）在1919年。他的工作对后来的核技术发展非常重要。他在1931年成为终身同伴。