finance

noun

/ˈfaɪnæns/, /faɪˈnæns/, /fəˈnæns/

(especially British English)
(North American English usually financing)
[uncountable] money used to run a business, an activity or a project资金
- The project will only go ahead if they can raise the necessary finance.只有他们能筹集到所需资金，这个项目才能继续下去。
- to arrange/secure finance安排/获得资金
- finance for something Finance for education comes from taxpayers.教育经费来自纳税人。
- Several banks are providing finance for the housing programme.有几家银行为该住房项目提供资金。
- She struggled to get the necessary finance for her training.她尽全力筹集参加培训所需要的款项。
- You may require bridging finance until the sale of your own property is completed.在私有房产出售手续办妥之前你可以要求提供过渡性资金。
- the availability of bank finance for small businesses可向银行申请的小企业贷款
- the finance available to local government当地政府可用的资金
- the need to obtain additional finance获得额外资金的需要
Topics Businessb2, Moneyb2
Collocations Dictionary
adjective
- cheap
- necessary
- additional
- …
verb + finance
- allocate
- provide
- need
- …
finance + verb
- be available
finance + noun
- company
- house
- industry
- …
preposition
- finance for
phrases
- a source of finance
[uncountable] the activity of managing money, especially by a government or commercial organization财政；金融；财务
- the Minister of Finance财政部长
- the finance director/department/committee财务总监/部门/委员会
- She's got a diploma in banking and finance.她获得了银行和金融文凭。
- the world of high finance (= finance involving large companies or countries)高级金融界（关乎大公司或国家的金融）
- an expert in public/personal/corporate finance公共/个人/公司财务专家
- a finance company信贷公司
Culture banks and bankingbanks and bankingIn Britain, the central bank, which acts as banker for the state and commercial banks, is the Bank of England. The Governor of the Bank of England advises the government on financial matters. The bank sets national interest rates (= the cost of borrowing money) and is responsible for issuing banknotes.The main commercial banks, called clearing banks or high-street banks, are HSBC, Barclays, Lloyds, and The Royal Bank of Scotland. These are known as the 'big four' and have branches in many towns, although some branches have closed as more people do their banking online. Former building societies that became banks in the 1990s, such as the Halifax, now compete with them for customers. Other building societies, such as the Nationwide, also offer banking services, as do several supermarkets and stores, such as Tesco or Marks & Spencer. First Direct was one of the first banks to be only phone- and internet-based. People can use a current account and, for savings, a deposit account. The high-street banks offer bank loans for individuals and small businesses. Merchant banks deal with company finance on a larger scale.In the US there are thousands of banks. This is because banks are prevented by law from operating in more than one state. Some banks get round this rule by forming holding companies which own banks with the same names in different states. Unlike British banks, American banks are banks of deposit and credit and do not build up capital. Banking is dominated by large money center banks, such as Chase, which raise money by dealing in the international money markets and lend it to businesses and other banks.The US central bank is the Federal Reserve Bank, often called the Fed. In addition to the national Fed in Washington, DC, there are 12 regional ones. The Fed tells commercial banks how much money they must keep in reserve and decides what rate of interest to charge when lending them money. This affects the rate of interest the commercial banks charge their customers.In the US people keep their accounts in commercial banks which must have a charter (= permission to operate) from the US or a state government. Each state decides whether to allow branch banking, which means allowing customers to do business at any branch of a bank, not just the one where they have their account. The most common accounts are checking and savings accounts. People also keep money in and borrow money from savings and loan associations. In both the UK and the US many people bank online, and rarely go into the local branch of their bank, as they can get cash from cash machines in many places.After the global financial crisis in the years after 2008, banks were strongly criticized for the part they had played in causing the crisis, and their reputation suffered. They are also criticized for giving very large bonuses (= extra payments in addition to salary) to their top managers when this may not be deserved.
Culture the Citythe CityThe business and financial centre of London is called the City or the City of London. It covers an area in east central London north of the River Thames, between Blackfriars Bridge and Tower Bridge. It is only about one square mile/2.5 square kilometres in size and is often referred to as the Square Mile.Many financial institutions have their head offices in the City, including the Bank of England in Threadneedle Street, the London Stock Exchange in Paternoster Square and Lloyd's of London in Lime Street. Many banks, insurance companies and stockbrokers (= companies that buy and sell shares for others) have been in the City many years. When journalists talk about ‘the City’ they are usually not referring to the place but to the people involved in business and commerce, as in: The City had been expecting poor results from the company. The financial businesses and organizations that are based further east, from the Square Mile, in the area known as Canary Wharf are also included in this extended use of the term ‘the City’.In the City old and new buildings stand next to each other. The most famous older buildings include St Paul's Cathedral, the Guildhall and the Mansion House, where the Lord Mayor of London lives. Tower 42, which is 600 feet/183 metres high, and 30 St Mary Axe, nicknamed ‘the Gherkin ’, are two of the City's more recent landmarks. The Shard, on the south side of the Thames, was opened in 2013 and is currently the tallest building in the UK. The Barbican Centre includes an art gallery, a theatre and a concert hall, as well as flats.Few people live in the City and at night the population is about 7 000. During the day it rises to about half a million, as business people commute (= travel from home to work) to the City by car, bus and train. In the past the traditional image of the City gent was of a businessman in a dark suit and bowler hat, carrying a briefcase (= a leather case for papers, etc.) and a newspaper or an umbrella. The expression She's something in the City means ‘She has an important job with a bank or firm of stockbrokers’, and suggests wealth and high social status.
- Local government finance officers found the tax very difficult to administer.地方政府的财政官员发现这项税收很难实施。
- The banking and finance sector was booming.银行和金融部门发展迅速。
- the world of high finance高层金融领域
- Please send all invoices to the finance department.请把所有发票送至财务部门。
- that most emotive of personal finance issues—taxation最敏感的个人财务问题——纳税
- The bank offers advice and guidance on personal finance.银行提供个人理财方面的建议和指导。
Topics Moneyb2, Businessb2
Collocations Dictionary
adjective
- high
- company
- corporate
- …
finance + noun
- director
- minister
- officer
- …
finances
[plural] the money available to a person, an organization or a country; the way this money is managed（个人、组织、国家的）财力，财源，财务管理
- government/public/personal finances政府／公共／个人财力
- They were unable to manage their finances. 他们无法管理自己的财务。
- It's about time you sorted out your finances.现在是你整顿财务状况的时候了。
- Moving house put a severe strain on our finances.搬家使我们的经济十分紧张。
- The firm’s finances are basically sound.公司的财务状况大体上还不错。
Collocations Finance
Finance财务Income收入
- earn money/cash/(informal) a fortune/the minimum wage/a living wage
- make money/a fortune/(informal) a killing on the stock market在股市上赚钱／赚一大笔钱／发大财
- acquire/inherit/amass wealth/a fortune获得／继承／积累财富／一大笔钱
- build up funds/savings积累资金／存款
- get/receive/leave (somebody) an inheritance/a legacy得到／（给某人）留下遗产
- live on a low wage/a fixed income/a pension靠低微的工资／固定收入／养老金过活
- get/receive/draw/collect a pension领取养老金
- depend/be dependent on (British English) benefits/(North American English) welfare/social security靠福利金／社会保障金过活
Expenditure开支；支出
- spend money/your savings/(informal) a fortune on…把钱／存款／一大笔钱花在…上
- invest/put your savings in…投资／把储蓄金用于…
- throw away/waste/ (informal) shell out money on…把钱浪费／花费巨资在…上
- lose your money/inheritance/pension失去钱财／遗产／养老金
- use up/ (informal) wipe out all your savings把储蓄用光
- pay (in) cash用现金支付
- use/pay by a credit/debit/contactless card
- pay by/make out a/write somebody a/accept a (British English) cheque/(US English) check用支票支付；开支票；给某人开支票；接受支票
- change/exchange money/currency
- give/pay/leave (somebody) a deposit预付（某人）订金
Banks银行
- have/hold/open/close/freeze a bank account/an account持有／开立／注销／冻结银行账户
- credit/debit/pay something into/take money out of your account记入账户的贷方／借方；把钱存入账户／从账户中取出
- deposit money/funds in your account往账户里存钱／存入资金
- withdraw money/cash/£30 from an ATM, etc.从自动提款机等取钱／现金／30 英镑
- (formal) make a deposit/withdrawal存款；取款
- find/go to/use (especially North American English) an ATM/(British English) a cash machine/dispenser找到／去／使用自动提款机
- be in credit/in debit/in the black/in the red/overdrawn账面有钱／亏空；有盈余；透支
- use a mobile/an online banking app/platform/service
Personal finance个人理财
- manage/handle/plan/run/ (especially British English) sort out your finances管理／处理／计划／经营管理／整顿财务问题
- plan/manage/work out/stick to a budget计划／管理／制订／严格执行预算
- offer/extend credit (to somebody)（给某人）提供贷款
- arrange/take out a loan/an overdraft商定／获得贷款／透支额
- pay back/repay money/a loan/a debt偿还钱／贷款／债务
- pay for something in (especially British English) instalments/(North American English usually) installments以分期付款方式购买某物
Financial difficulties财务困难
- get into debt/financial difficulties陷入债务／财务困难
- be short of/ (informal) be strapped for cash缺钱
- run out of/owe money钱用光了；欠钱
- face/get/ (informal) be landed with a bill for £…面对／收到一张…英镑的账单
- can’t afford the cost of…/payments/rent承担不起…的费用／款项／房租
- fall behind with/ (especially North American English) fall behind on the mortgage/repayments/rent拖欠按揭贷款／分期偿还款项／房租
- incur/run up/accumulate debts带来／积欠／累积债务
- tackle/reduce/settle your debts处理／减少／付清债务
- Our family finances are not very healthy at the moment.我们家的经济状况目前不是很好。
- The company was under pressure to get its finances in order.公司有整顿财务的压力。
- The company's finances are looking a bit shaky.这个公司的财政情况看来有点不稳定。
- Their finances are in a mess.他们的财务一团糟。
- They are not sure how they will raise the finances to go on the trip.他们不知道怎样才能筹到钱去旅行。
- We don't have the finances to go on holiday this year.我们今年没有钱去度假了。
- We don't have the finances to throw a big party.我们没钱举办大型派对。
- how to plan your finances for a comfortable retirement如何计划安排资金以便安度退休生活
Topics Moneyb2, Businessb2
Collocations Dictionary
adjective
- healthy
- sound
- tight
- …
verb + finances
- have
- lack
- control
- …
finances + verb
- be a mess
- be in a mess
phrases
- the state of somebody’s finances

词源late Middle English: from Old French, from finer ‘make an end, settle a debt’, from fin ‘end’, from Latin finis ‘end’ (in medieval Latin denoting a sum paid on settling a lawsuit). The original sense was ‘payment of a debt, compensation, or ransom’; later ‘taxation, revenue’. Current senses date from the 18th cent., and reflect sense development in French.

Wordfinder

afford
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bankrupt
capital
economy
expense
finance
invest
money
profit