run

verb

/rʌn/

动词形式

present simple I / you / we / they run	/rʌn/ /rʌn/
he / she / it runs	/rʌnz/ /rʌnz/
past simple ran	/ræn/ /ræn/
past participle run	/rʌn/ /rʌn/
-ing form running	/ˈrʌnɪŋ/ /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

Idioms Phrasal Verbs

move fast on foot奔跑

[intransitive] to move using your legs, going faster than when you walk跑；奔跑

Can you run as fast as Mike?你能和迈克跑得一样快吗？
They turned and ran when they saw us coming.他们看见我们过来，转身就跑。
She came running to meet us.她跑着来迎接我们。
I had to run to catch the bus.我不得不跑着去赶公共汽车。
+ adv./prep. The dogs ran off as soon as we appeared.我们一露面狗就跑了。
He ran home in tears to his mother.他流着泪跑回家去找妈妈。
The children spent the morning running around in the park.孩子们整个上午都在公园里跑来跑去。
She can run really fast.她跑得真快。

In spoken English run can be used with and plus another verb, instead of with to and the infinitive, especially to tell somebody to hurry and do something: Run and get your swimsuits, kids. • I ran and knocked on the nearest door.

John can run very fast.约翰跑得很快。
He ran out of the house.他从房子里跑了出去。
She ran quickly downstairs.她飞快地跑下楼去。
She turned and ran blindly down the street.她转身沿着街道乱跑。
Alan was running for a bus when he slipped on some ice.艾伦跑着赶公共汽车时在冰上滑倒了。
Billy turned the corner and ran headlong into Mrs Bradley.比利拐过街角，一头撞上了布拉德利夫人。
They've seen us! Run for your life!他们看到我们了！逃命吧！
The boy went running off to get the ball.那个男孩跑着去拿球。

Topics Health and Fitnessa1

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

fast
quickly
blindly
…

verb + run

begin to
start to
get up and
…

preposition

down
into
out of
…

[transitive] run something to travel a particular distance by running跑（某段距离）

Who was the first person to run a mile in under four minutes?是谁第一个用了不到四分钟跑完一英里？
I ran four miles today.我今天跑了4英里。

race赛跑比赛

[intransitive, transitive] to take part in a race参加赛跑

run in something He will be running in the 100 metres tonight.今晚他将参加 100 米赛跑。
There are only five horses running in the first race.只有五匹马参加第一场比赛。
run something to run a marathon参加马拉松赛跑
Farah ran a fine race to take the gold medal.法拉跑得很好，获得了金牌。

hurry赶紧

[intransitive] + adv./prep. to hurry from one place to another迅速赶往；匆忙跑（到另一处）

I've spent the whole day running around after the kids.我这一整天都跟在孩子们后面跑来跑去。

manage管理

[transitive] run something to be in charge of a business, campaign, etc.管理；经营

to run a hotel/store/language school经营一家旅店／商店／语言学校
He has no idea how to run a business.他丝毫不懂企业管理。
Stop trying to run my life (= organize it) for me.别老想操纵我的生活。
The shareholders want more say in how the company is run.股东们想要在公司的经营管理上拥有更多的发言权。
a badly run company经营不善的公司
Both candidates have run a good campaign.两位候选人都进行了很好的竞选。
state-run industries国家经营的行业

provide提供

[transitive] run something to make a service, course of study, etc. available to people提供，开设（服务、课程等） synonym organize

The college runs summer courses for foreign students.这所大学为外国学生开设暑期课程。
The programme will be jointly run with NASA in the US.该项目将与美国国家航空航天局合办。

The college runs several English classes for adults.这所大学为成人开设几门英语课程。
They ran a series of lectures on the subject.他们就这个主题举办了一系列讲座。
Volunteer counsellors run a 24-hour helpline.志愿辅导员开设了一条24小时服务热线。

buses/trains公共汽车；火车

[intransitive] to travel on a particular route（按某路线）行驶

Buses to run every half hour.到牛津的汽车每半个小时发一趟。
+ adv./prep. All the trains are running late (= are leaving later than planned).所有的列车都晚点了。
Trains between London and Brighton run throughout the day.伦敦和布莱顿之间的火车全天运行。

Local buses run regularly to and from the school.当地公交车定点往返学校。
He claimed that 95 per cent of trains run on time.他声称95%的火车正点行驶。
When does the London Underground stop running at night?伦敦地铁晚上什么时候停止运行？

Topics Transport by bus and trainb1

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

regularly
late

preposition

between
from
to
…

[transitive] to make buses, trains, etc. travel on a particular route使（按某一路线）行驶；使运行

run something + adv./prep. They run extra trains during the rush hour.他们在交通高峰时段加开了列车。
The transport company is concerned about the cost of running more buses.运输公司担心运营更多公共汽车的成本。

vehicle/machine车辆；机器

[intransitive, transitive] to operate or function; to make something do this（使）运转，运行；操作

Stan had the chainsaw running.斯坦开动了链锯。
run on something Our van runs on (= uses) diesel.我们的货车用的是柴油。
run something Could you run the engine for a moment?你来操作一会儿发动机好吗？

The engine was running very smoothly.发动机运转非常平稳。
Our car only runs on unleaded petrol.我们的车只能用无铅汽油。

Topics Computersb2, Engineeringb2

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

efficiently
smoothly
continuously
…

preposition

phrases

be up and running

[intransitive, transitive] when a computer program or system runs or somebody runs it, it operates运行：当计算机程序或系统运行或有人运行时，它会运行

You may find that some apps are running slowly.您可能会发现一些应用程序运行缓慢。
There are too many programs running on your computer.您的计算机上运行的程序太多。
You need to have antivirus software running on your PC.您需要在电脑上运行防病毒软件。
The app runs on all Android devices.该应用在所有安卓设备上运行。
run something You can run the program overnight.你可以通宵运行这个程序。
My PC runs Windows 10.我的PC运行Windows 10。
Don't forget to run a final spellcheck.别忘了进行最后的拼写检查。
What applications were you running when the problem occurred?出现问题时你在运行什么应用程序？

Topics Computersb2

[intransitive, transitive] if a recording on a tape runs or somebody runs it, it plays运行：如果磁带上的录音运行或有人运行，则播放

He didn't know the tape was still running.他不知道录像带还在播放。
run something Run the tape, please.请播放磁带。
run something + adv./prep. Can you run the tape back a few minutes?你能把磁带倒放几分钟吗？

[transitive] run something (British English) to own and use a vehicle or machine拥有并使用（车辆或机器等）

I can't afford to run a car on my salary.我的工资养不起汽车。

drive somebody开车送某人

[transitive] run somebody + adv./prep. (informal) to drive somebody to a place in a car开车送

Shall I run you home?我开车送你回家好吗？
Would you mind running me to the shops?你介意载我去商店吗？

Topics Transport by car or lorryc2

move somewhere移往某处

[intransitive] + adv./prep. to move, especially quickly, in a particular direction（向某处）快速移动

The car ran off the road into a ditch.汽车猛地开出路面，掉进沟里。
A shiver ran down my spine.我猛然感到脊背发凉。
The sledge ran smoothly over the frozen snow.雪橇在冻结的雪面上平稳地滑行。
The old tramlines are still there but now no trams run on them.昔日的电车轨道还在，现在却没有电车在上面运行了。

[transitive] run something + adv./prep. to move something in a particular direction移动（某物）

She ran her fingers nervously through her hair.她紧张地用手指拨弄头发。
I ran my eyes over the page.我匆匆地看了看这一页。

lead/stretch引导；伸展

[intransitive, transitive] to lead or stretch from one place to another; to make something do this（使）导向；引导；（使）伸展，延伸

+ adv./prep. He had a scar running down his left cheek.他左脸上竖着一道伤疤。
The road runs parallel to the river.这条路和这条河是平行的。
The railway line runs right past the house.铁路线正好穿过房子。
run something The bookcase runs the length of the room.这个书架贯穿房间的长度。
run something + adv./prep. We ran a cable from the lights to the stage.我们从电灯那里拉了一条电缆通到舞台。

liquid液体

[intransitive] + adv./prep. to flow流淌；流动

The tears ran down her cheeks.泪水顺着她的脸淌下来。
Water was running all over the bathroom floor.浴室里水流满地。

[transitive] to make liquid flow使（液体）流动

run something (into something) She ran hot water into the bucket.她把热水注入桶里。
to run the hot tap (= to turn it so that water flows from it)拧开热水龙头
run something for somebody I'll run a bath for you.我去给你放洗澡水。
run somebody something I'll run you a bath.我去给你放洗澡水。

[intransitive] to send out a liquid输出，放出（液体）

Who left the tap running?谁没关水龙头？
Your nose is running (= mucus is flowing from it).你流鼻涕了。
The smoke makes my eyes run.烟熏得我直流眼泪。

[intransitive] (usually used in the progressive tenses通常用于进行时) run with something to be covered with a liquid被（液体）覆盖；流满

His face was running with sweat.他满脸是汗。
The bathroom floor was running with water.浴室的地面上全是水。

of colour颜色

[intransitive] if the colour runs in a piece of clothing, etc. when it gets wet, the colour comes out of the material and spreads into other pieces of clothing, etc. in the same water掉色；退色

The colour ran and made all my underwear pink.颜色变了，我所有的内衣都变成了粉红色。

Topics Colours and Shapesc2

melt熔化

[intransitive] (of a solid substance

固体

) to melt熔化

The wax began to run.蜡开始熔化了。

be/become是；成为

[intransitive] + adj. to become different in a particular way, especially a bad way变成，成为，变得（尤指不利的变化）

The river ran dry (= stopped flowing) during the drought.这条河在干旱期间断流了。
Supplies are running low.物资供应渐趋不足。
We understand that feelings are running high on this issue我们理解在这个问题上感情高涨
We've run short of milk.我们牛奶不够了。
You've got your rivals running scared.你已经使对手感到恐惧了。

[intransitive] run at something to be at or near a particular level达到，接近（某程度）

Inflation was running at 26 per cent.通货膨胀率为26%。

continue for time持续

[intransitive] to continue for a particular period of time without stopping持续；延续

run for something Her last musical ran for six months on Broadway.她上一部音乐剧在百老汇连续上演了六个月。
run from A to B The course runs from June 25th to August 27th.课程从6月25日到8月27日。
This debate will run and run!这场辩论会没完没了地继续下去！

[intransitive] run (for something) to operate or be legally acceptable for a particular period of time（在一段时间内）起作用，有效

The permit runs for three months.许可证的有效期为三个月。
The lease on my house only has a year left to run.我房子的租期只剩下一年了。

happen发生

[intransitive] (usually used in the progressive tenses通常用于进行时) to happen or progress at the time or in the way mentioned（在某时间）发生

+ adv./prep. Programmes are running a few minutes behind schedule this evening.今晚播出的节目比预定的时间晚了几分钟。
Everything is running according to plan.一切都在按计划进行。
Her life had always run smoothly before.她以前的生活一直很稳定。
The murderer was given three life sentences, to run concurrently.这个杀人犯被判处三项无期徒刑，合并执行。

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

smoothly
concurrently
consecutively
…

in election选举

[intransitive] to be a candidate in an election for a political position, especially in the US（尤指在美国）参加竞选

Obama ran a second time in 2012.奥巴马在2012年第二次参选。
run for somebody/something Hilary Clinton ran for president in 2016.希拉里·克林顿在2016年竞选总统。
He ran unsuccessfully for the Senate in New York.他竞选纽约州参议员没有成功。
run in something She is planning to run in the parliamentary election.她计划参加议会选举。

compare standTopics Politicsb2

Collocations Dictionaryadverb

successfully
unsuccessfully

preposition

guns, drugs, etc.枪支、毒品等

[transitive] to bring or take something into a country illegally and secretly走私；非法携运；秘密携带 synonym smuggle

run something + adv./prep. He used to run guns across the border.他过去经常偷运枪枝过境。
She made money by running drugs.她靠贩毒赚钱。

see also runnerTopics Crime and punishmentc2

of story/argument报道；论点

[intransitive, transitive] to have particular words, contents, etc.包含（某种词语、内容等）

Their argument ran something like this…他们的论点大致是这样的…
+ speech ‘Ten shot dead by gunmen,’ ran the newspaper headline.报纸的标题为 “枪手击毙十人”。

of newspaper/magazine报章杂志

[transitive] run something to print and publish an item or a story发表；刊登

On advice from their lawyers they decided not to run the story.根据他们的律师的建议，他们决定不刊载这篇报道。

a test/check测试；检验

[transitive] run a test, a check, an experiment, etc. to do a test, an experiment, etc.（对…）进行（测试或检验）

run something on something The doctors decided to run some more tests on the blood samples.医生决定对血样再进行一些化验。
run something The two experiments are run in parallel.这两个实验是同时进行的。
The company is running clinical trials of the new drug.该公司正在进行这种新药的临床试验。

of tights/stockings裤袜；长袜

[intransitive] (North American English) if tights or stockings run, a long thin hole appears in them脱针；脱丝；抽丝 synonym ladder

词源Old English rinnan, irnan (verb), of Germanic origin, probably reinforced in Middle English by Old Norse rinna, renna. The current form with -u- in the present tense is first recorded in the 16th cent.

Idioms Most idioms containing run are at the entries for the nouns and adjectives in the idioms, for example run riot is at riot.

come running

to be pleased to do what somebody wants赶紧做某人喜欢的事；急于应某人的要求
- She knew she had only to call and he would come running.她知道只要打个电话，他就会高高兴兴地照办。

run for it

(often used in orders常用于命令) to run in order to escape from somebody/something逃跑

run roughshod over somebody (US English usually)

(especially British English ride, etc. roughshod over somebody)

to treat somebody badly and not worry about their feelings熔化

up and running

working fully and correctly全面而准确地运行
- It will be a lot easier when we have the database up and running.等我们把数据库弄好以后，就省事多了。
- We soon had the sound system up and running.我们不久就将音响系统启用了。

run

noun

/rʌn/

Idioms

on foot徒步

[countable] an act of running; a period of time spent running or the distance that somebody runs跑；跑步；跑步的时间（或距离）

I go for a run every morning.我每天早晨都去跑步。
a five-mile run跑上五英里
The event comprised a 1500m swim, 40km bike ride and 10km run. 该项目包括1500米游泳、40公里骑自行车和10公里跑步。
Catching sight of her he broke into a run (= started running).他一看见她就跑了起来。
I decided to make a run for it (= to escape by running).我决定逃跑。
at a run She took the stairs at a run. 她跑着上了楼梯。
The Ethiopian is aiming to produce his second record-breaking run of the week.这名埃塞俄比亚选手的目标是在本周第二次跑出破纪录的成绩。
The race consists of an eight-mile cross-country run followed by an army assault course. 比赛包括一场8英里的越野赛跑，随后是一场陆军突击课程。

trip旅程

[countable] a trip by car, plane, boat, etc., especially a short one or one that is made regularly（尤指短程或定期，乘交通工具的）旅程，航程

They took the car out for a run.他们开车出去旅行。
We went for a run in his new car.我们开着他的新车去跑步了。

of success/failure成功；失败

[countable] a period of something good or bad happening; a series of successes or failures一段（幸运或倒霉的）时光；一系列（成功或失败） synonym spell

a run of good/bad luck一连串好运／噩运
Liverpool lost to Leeds, ending an unbeaten run of 18 games.利物浦队输给了利兹队，结束了连续 18 场不败的纪录。
Manchester United have finally ended their run of victories.曼联队最终结束了连胜。

Collocations Dictionaryadjective

bad
disappointing
disastrous
…

verb + run

enjoy
have
begin
…

run + verb

begin
end

preposition

run of

of play/movie戏剧；电影

[countable] a series of performances of a play or film连续上演（或放映）

The show had a record-breaking run in the London theatre.这出戏在伦敦剧院连续上演，打破了演出纪录。

They play began its run last June.他们的演出于去年六月开始。
The show has had its run extended till March.这部戏连续上演延长至 3 月。
The play had a long run in the West End.这部戏在伦敦西区久演不衰。

Collocations Dictionaryadjective

theatrical
long
short
…

verb + run

have
begin
end
…

run + verb

begin
end

of product产品

[countable] the amount of a product that a company decides to make at one time额定产量

The first print run of 6 000 copies sold out.首印 6 000 册已全部售空。

Collocations Dictionaryadjective

print
production

money钱

[countable, usually singular] run on the dollar, pound, etc. a situation when many people sell dollars, etc. and the value of the money falls抛售（美元、英镑等）

[countable, usually singular] run on a bank a situation when many people suddenly want to take their money out of a bank（到银行）挤提，挤兑

sudden demand急需

[countable, usually singular] run on something a situation when many people suddenly want to buy something争购；抢购 synonym rush (6)

There's been a run on barbecues with the hot weather.天气炎热，人们一直在进行烧烤。

way things happen态势

[singular] the run of something the way things usually happen; the way things seem to be happening on a particular occasion态势；状况；趋势；动向

In the normal run of things the only exercise he gets is climbing in and out of taxis.他平时的唯一运动就是上下出租车。
(British English) Wise scored in the 15th minute against the run of play (= although the other team had seemed more likely to score).怀斯在比赛进行到第 15 分钟的时候出人意料地得分。

Collocations Dictionaryadjective

common
general
ordinary
…

phrases

against the run of play

in sports体育运动

[countable] a sloping track used in skiing and some other sports（滑雪或其他运动中的）坡道，滑道

a ski/toboggan run 滑雪/雪橇赛跑

Topics Sports: other sportsc1

[countable] a point scored in the game of cricket or baseball（板球或棒球中的）得分

Our team won by four runs.我们队以四分的优势取胜。

in election选举

[singular] (North American English) an act of trying to get elected to public office竞选

He made an unsuccessful run for governor in 2008.2008 年他竞选州长失败。
Senator Blake's run for the presidency布莱克参议员竞选总统

Collocations Dictionaryadjective

presidential

preposition

run for

for animals/birds畜；禽

[countable] (often in compounds常构成复合词) an area with a fence, walls, etc. in which animals or birds are kept as pets or on a farm饲养场

a chicken run养鸡场

Topics Farmingc2

in music音乐

[countable] a series of notes sung or played quickly up or down the scale（顺着音阶的）急奏，急唱

Collocations Dictionaryadjective

theatrical
long
short
…

verb + run

have
begin
end
…

run + verb

begin
end

in card games纸牌游戏

[countable] a series of cards held by one player顺子

in tights/stockings裤袜；长袜

(North American English)

(British English ladder)

[countable] a long thin hole in tights or stockings where some threads have broken脱针；脱丝；抽丝

illness疾病

the runs

[plural] (informal) diarrhoea (= an illness in which waste matter is emptied from the bowels much more frequently than normal, and in liquid form)使（液体）流动